Biomarkers in asthma in the context of atopic dermatitis in young children

Abstract

Background: Diverse pathways stemming from a history of atopic dermatitis (AD) might modulate different biomarkers associated with the development of asthma.Biomarkers associated with AD and asthma separately have been investigated, but none have characterized a combined AD+asthma phenotype. We investigated the clinical and molecular characteristics associated with an AD+asthma phenotype compared with AD, asthma and controls.Methods: From a prospective birth cohort and the outpatient allergy clinic, we included four groups of 6-12-year-old children: (1) healthy controls (2) previous, current, or present AD without asthma, (3) previous, current, or present AD and current asthma and (4) current asthma without AD. We performed clinical examinations and interviews and measured serum IgE, natural moisturizing factors (NMF), and plasma cytokine levels. Results:We found an increased number of IgE sensitizations in AD+asthma, prominent after stratifying for food allergens (p < .05). Pro-Th 2 cytokines CCL18, TSLP, and Eotaxin-3 were elevated in AD+asthma, though not significantly higher than asthma, and elevated in asthma compared with controls. NMF levels were decreased in AD compared with asthma and control groups (p = .019, p < .001, respectively). NMF levels correlated negatively to sensitization (p = .026), though nonsignificant with only the patient groups. Conclusion:Our results indicate that Th 2 cytokines and increased number of sensitizations are associated with AD + asthma phenotypes compared with AD alone andThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

The Impact of Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis on Quality of Life: A Literature Research on Biomarkers

“…To date, 18 blood/serum biomarkers are known to be associated with disease activity of AD including % eosinophils in blood cell count, lactate dehydrogenase, total IgE, soluble IL-2 receptor, CCL17, CCL18, CCL22, CCL26, CCL27, IL-13, IL-22, IL-24, IL-25, IL-31, IL-33, TSLP, periostin and squamous cell carcinoma antigen-2 [64]. In particular, CCL18, TSLP and CCL26 were mainly associated with AD+ asthma phenotypes than AD alone in young children in a Danish study [65].…”

The Allergic Phenotype of Children and Adolescents with Selective IgA Deficiency: A Longitudinal Monocentric Study

“…Indeed, it is known that if well-controlled, asthma and respiratory allergic symptoms are not a risk factor for the recurrence and severity of infections [ 55 , 56 ]. However, asthmatic patients with SIgAD were more likely to have concurrent AD, suggesting a more complex allergic phenotype and supporting the role of inflammation initiated by AD in the development of asthma [ 51 ].…”

“…We found a significant correlation between AD and asthma. It has been hypothesized that diverse pathways initiated by AD might modulate specific biomarkers associated with the development of asthma [ 50 ] and that skin-barrier impairment as well as decreased airway epithelial integrity may play a role in sensitization and immune modulation [ 51 ].…”

An updated reappraisal of dupilumab in children and adolescents with moderate–severe atopic dermatitis

“…There is evidence that most children with AD have allergic comorbidities, mainly concerning allergic rhinitis and asthma. 94 The most important causal allergen in allergic children is house dust mites. 95 As a result, allergen immunotherapy for mites could be an advantageous therapeutic option in children with AD and mite allergy.…”

“…performed an interesting study concerning the combination of dupilumab plus mite allergen‐specific immunotherapy. There is evidence that most children with AD have allergic comorbidities, mainly concerning allergic rhinitis and asthma 94 . The most important causal allergen in allergic children is house dust mites 95 .…”