2014
DOI: 10.2147/cbf.s46196
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Biomarkers in sarcoidosis: a review

Abstract: Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of undetermined etiology invariably affecting the lungs and thoracic lymph nodes. It has been termed an "immune paradox", as there is peripheral anergy despite exaggerated inflammation at disease sites. The disease is usually selflimiting, although some individuals experience unremitting inflammation that may progress into pulmonary fibrosis and death. The inflammatory process is largely a T helper-1-driven immune response. Given its heterogeneous clinical manife… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(25 citation statements)
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References 130 publications
(170 reference statements)
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“…Neopterin is a metabolite of guanosine triphosphate secreted from activated macrophages (6). Serum and urinary levels appear to correlate with disease activity, radiological stage and likelihood of spontaneous remission (6) (46) (47).…”
Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Neopterin is a metabolite of guanosine triphosphate secreted from activated macrophages (6). Serum and urinary levels appear to correlate with disease activity, radiological stage and likelihood of spontaneous remission (6) (46) (47).…”
Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Various biomarkers have been assessed in urine, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid but lack adequate sensitivity and specificity for clinical use (6). Many are not routinely available in clinical practice or require invasive sampling methods and are therefore unsuitable for serial monitoring.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Серед різноманітних патологій органів ди-хання інтерстиційні захворювання продовжують привертати пильну увагу науковців через постійне зростання захворюваності (на інтерстиційні процеси припадає близько 20 % всіх захворювань легень), проблеми діагностики та лікування [2,3].…”
Section: вступunclassified
“…The development of immune-type granulomas in sarcoidosis (because of imbalance of immunoregulatory cell subpopulation and weakening of T-cellular component of immune system) says for the supposition that this pathology is caused by immunological disorders due to the exposure to various environmental factors which change the immune status or are caused by already changed immune status [1].…”
Section: Problem Statement and Analysis Of The Recent Researchmentioning
confidence: 99%