Biomarkers in the Identification of High-Risk Groups

Alcohol is a major risk factor for cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract but the association with cancers of the large bowel is not as clearly established. In recent studies, we have provided experimental support for the associations in the esophagus and oral cavity. Our studies also indicate that the tumor promotion ability of ethanol is related to its ability to generate oxygen free radicals as measured by an increase in indices of lipid peroxidation. This increase in lipid peroxidation was evident in the liver as well as the tissues targeted by the site-specific carcinogens and promoted by ethanol. Studies in mice showed that the increased lipid peroxidation as well as tumor incidence was inhibited by the administration of vitamin E, the potent antioxidant. Determination of fatty acid profiles showed significant alterations when ethanol was used as a tumor promoter after treatment with the carcinogen. Ethanol as a promoter caused an increase in esophageal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Ethanol promotion was also evident in increased arachidonate and an exaggeration in PUFA that are involved in eicosanoid production. Thus, these results suggest that ethanol-related promotion may be the result of excessive cell proliferation induced by disordered lipid and eicosanoid metabolism that may cause a selective outgrowth of the carcinogen-initiated cells. Supporting evidence for ethanol-induced hyper-regeneration is also reviewed.

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POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: Factors in Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors

Ali¹,

Bennett²

1992

J Gerontol Nurs

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Osteoporosis is a serious health hazard mainly affecting postmenopausal and elderly women. Osteoporotic fractures are one of the leading causes of morbidity and death in the elderly population. Prevention of further loss of bone mass in postmenopausal women can be achieved if women take estrogen replacement therapy, consume adequate levels of calcium, exercise regularly, and practice healthy lifestyle behaviors. Elderly women need to follow the same strategies as postmenopausal women with more emphasis on prevention of falls.

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Biomarkers in the Identification of High-Risk Groups

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Calcium regulation of colonic crypt cell kinetics: Evidence for a direct effect in mice

Calcium regulation of colonic crypt cell kinetics: Evidence for a direct effect in mice

Alcohol-Stimulated Promotion of Tumors in the Gastrointestinal Tract

POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: Factors in Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors

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