Biomarkers of Micronutrients and Phytonutrients and Their Application in Epidemiological Studies

Zheng, Jianheng; Wu, Feng; Wang, Feijie; Cheng, Junrui; Zou, Hong; Li, Yuan; Du, Jun; Kan, Juntao

doi:10.3390/nu15040970

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Both animal and human studies involve tracking the concentration of phytonutrients and their metabolites in blood, urine, faeces, or other biological fluids over a specific period after consumption [61,62]. Biomarker assessments can examine the impact of phytonutrient consumption on specific biological markers or endpoints related to health outcomes [63]. However, with human studies, it is not always possible to study the digestibility and some biological activities due to ethical considerations.…”

Section: Bioavailability: Definition and Study Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of Anthocyanins: Whole Foods versus Extracts

Kumkum,

Aston-Mourney,

McNeill

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Anthocyanins have gained significant popularity in recent years for their diverse health benefits, yet their limited bioavailability poses a challenge. To address this concern, technologies have emerged to enhance anthocyanin concentration, often isolating these compounds from other food constituents. However, the extent to which isolated anthocyanins confer health benefits compared to their whole-food counterparts remains unclear. This review explores the current literature on anthocyanin bioavailability and metabolism in the body, with a focus on comparing bioavailability when consumed as extracts versus whole foods rich in anthocyanins, drawing from in vitro, in vivo, and human clinical studies. While direct comparisons between anthocyanin bioavailability in whole foods versus isolates are scarce, prevailing evidence favours whole-food consumption over anthocyanin extracts. Further clinical investigations, preferably with direct comparisons, are needed to validate these findings and elucidate the nuanced interplay between anthocyanins and food matrices, informing future research directions and practical recommendations.

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Section: Bioavailability: Definition and Study Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of Anthocyanins: Whole Foods versus Extracts

Kumkum,

Aston-Mourney,

McNeill

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…During the last decade, extraordinary advancement in stem cell culturing, three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures, sequencing technologies, and computer science has occurred, which has originated a wealth of novel human-focused and more physiologically relevant tools. These tools, also known as "new approach methodologies" (NAMs), which comprise patient-derived organoids, organs-on-chip (OoC), multi-omics approach, computational models and analysis, along with interventional and observational studies on human subjects, are already yielding profuse and meaningful human-relevant data and promising results in several fields (Barrile et al, 2018;Ewart et al, 2022;Kamali et al, 2022;Passini et al, 2017;Pistollato et al, 2021Pistollato et al, , 2022Ribeiro et al, 2022;Shi et al, 2017;Tovaglieri et al, 2019;Zheng et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human‐based new approach methodologies to accelerate advances in nutrition research

Cassotta,

Cianciosi,

Elexpuru‐Zabaleta

et al. 2024

Food Frontiers

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Much of nutrition research has been conventionally based on the use of simplistic in vitro systems or animal models, which have been extensively employed in an effort to better understand the relationships between diet and complex diseases as well as to evaluate food safety. Although these models have undeniably contributed to increase our mechanistic understanding of basic biological processes, they do not adequately model complex human physiopathological phenomena, creating concerns about the translatability to humans. During the last decade, extraordinary advancement in stem cell culturing, three‐dimensional cell cultures, sequencing technologies, and computer science has occurred, which has originated a wealth of novel human‐based and more physiologically relevant tools. These tools, also known as “new approach methodologies,” which comprise patient‐derived organoids, organs‐on‐chip, multi‐omics approach, along with computational models and analysis, represent innovative and exciting tools to forward nutrition research from a human‐biology‐oriented perspective. After considering some shortcomings of conventional in vitro and vivo approaches, here we describe the main novel available and emerging tools that are appropriate for designing a more human‐relevant nutrition research. Our aim is to encourage discussion on the opportunity to explore innovative paths in nutrition research and to promote a paradigm‐change toward a more human biology‐focused approach to better understand human nutritional pathophysiology, to evaluate novel food products, and to develop more effective targeted preventive or therapeutic strategies while helping in reducing the number and replacing animals employed in nutrition research.

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“…Diet has been identified as a key modifiable risk factor for several types of cancer, including colorectal, breast, prostate, and lung cancer. Indeed, the composition of an individual’s diet can affect nutritional biomarkers (biomarkers of exposure, effect/function, and health/disease and physiological status), which can, in turn, affect cancer risk [ 2 , 3 ]. This Special Issue, “The Effect of Dietary Factors on Cancer 2.0”, in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, comprises eight original research papers and nine review articles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%