Biomarkers of Occupational Manganese Toxicity

Abstract

Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element that is required for maintaining normal function

Effects of Manganese Exposure on Blood Iron Indices in Miners of Iran Manganese Mines Co. (Qom)

“…Many studies indicate that blood iron level in individuals exposed to Mn are reduced and the same results are shown in laboratory animals [1,14]. Within the plasma, Mn is largely bound to gamma-globulin and albumin, and a small fraction of trivalent (3+) Mn is bound to the iron-carrying protein, transferring [17].…”

“…According to FDA (food and drug administration) the daily withdrawal amount of manganese is about 2.3 mg and 1, 8 mg for men and women respectively [1]. Mn exists in the most of the body tissues and not only acts as a cofactor for some enzymes like arginase, phosphoglucomutase, pyruvate carboxylase and most of phosphatases and peptidases but also participates in prothrombin synthesis.…”