“…4,5 Moreover, research reports have shown that children are affected with attention decit hyperactivity disorder by organophosphate metabolites. 6,7 As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) has classed DDVP as very dangerous and is declared illegal in the European Union (EU). 8,9 Currently, numerous instrumental and spectroscopic methods have been discovered for DDVP detection, including uorescence, enhanced-functionality liquid chromatography, spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, and other approaches.…”