Biomarkers of oxidative and nitrosative damage in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment

Mangialasche, Francesca; Polidori, Maria Cristina; Monastero, Roberto; Ercolani, Sara; Camarda, Cecilia; Cecchetti, Roberta; Mecocci, Patrizia

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2009.04.002

Cited by 221 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 324 publications

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“…*Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Tel: +39-0303717509; E-mail: daniela.uberti@unibs.it Different end-products of peroxidation including malondialdehyde [8], peroxynitrite [9,10], carbonyl groups [11], and advanced glycosylation end-products (AGEs) [8] have been described in AD brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) [12][13][14]. In addition, decrease of antioxidant defense mechanisms in different brain regions, including the hippocampus, has been found in AD [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Extracellular and Intracellular Blood Compartments Highlights Redox Alterations in Alzheimer's and Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients

Arce-Varas¹,

Abate²,

Prandelli³

et al. 2016

CAR

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Abstract:Background: Many studies suggest oxidative stress as an early feature of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, evidence of established oxidative stress in AD peripheral cells is still inconclusive, possibly due to both, differences in the type of samples and the heterogeneity of oxidative markers used in different studies.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate blood-based redox alterations in Alzheimer's Disease in order to identify a peculiar disease profile. Method:To that purpose, we measured the activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase both in the extracellular and the intracellular blood compartments of AD, MCI and control subjects. The amount of an open isoform of p53 protein (unfolded p53), resulting from oxidative modifications was also determined.Results: Decreased SOD, increased GPx activity and higher p53 open isoform were found in both AD and MCI plasma compared to controls. In blood peripheral mononuclear cells, SOD activity was also decreased in both AD and MCI, and unfolded p53 increased exquisitely in younger AD males compared to controls. Conclusion:Overall, these data highlight the importance of considering both extracellular and intracellular compartments, in the determination of antioxidant enzyme activities as well as specific oxidation end-products, in order to identify peculiar blood-based redox alterations in AD pathology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Extracellular and Intracellular Blood Compartments Highlights Redox Alterations in Alzheimer's and Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients

Arce-Varas¹,

Abate²,

Prandelli³

et al. 2016

CAR

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“…Brain is particularly prone to damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) due to five main reasons: the high oxygen required by this organ; the abundance of redox-active metals; the relative deficit in antioxidant systems; the presence of great amount of oxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acids and catecholamines; and the fact that neurons are post-mitotic cells with relatively restricted replacement by progenitor cells during lifetime (Mangialasche et al, 2009;Wang and Michaelis, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characterization of Ginkgo biloba L. and antioxidant properties of its extracts and dietary supplements

Pereira

Barros

Ferreira

2013

Industrial Crops and Products

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Ginkgo biloba L. is the most commercialized medicinal plant worldwide, being its consumption related to prevention, and even decrease of the progression of degenerative neurological diseases. Considering the correlation between oxidative stress and the mentioned diseases, the antioxidant activity of different dietary supplements (syrup and several pills) was evaluated and compared to the leaves infusion, aqueous and methanolic extracts. Furthermore, G. biloba was chemically characterized in nutritional and bioactive components namely, fatty acids, sugars, organic acids, tocopherols, phenolics and flavonoids. Palmitic, α-linolenic and oleic acids were the main fatty acids found; fructose was the most abundant sugar; quinic acid was the most abundant organic acid and α-tocopherol was, by far, the most abundant vitamer. Dietary supplements showed higher antioxidant activity than G. biloba infusion and extracts due to their higher phenolics and flavonoids concentration. The pills with the highest concentration of plant extract (100 mg) allow the intake of the highest antioxidants concentration.

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“…Numerous reports demonstrate both oxidative and nitrosative damage in the brains of AD patients (reviewed by Mangialasche et al (2009)). This damage concerns lipids since numerous markers of lipid peroxidation (inter alia malondialdehyde, acrolein, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and F2-isoprostanes) were found to be upregulated in brains of AD patients.…”

Section: Nitrooxidative Stress and Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrooxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration

Fiedorowicz¹,

Grieb²

2012

Brain Damage - Bridging Between Basic Research and Clinics

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Biomarkers of oxidative and nitrosative damage in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment

Cited by 221 publications

References 324 publications

Comparison of Extracellular and Intracellular Blood Compartments Highlights Redox Alterations in Alzheimer's and Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients

Comparison of Extracellular and Intracellular Blood Compartments Highlights Redox Alterations in Alzheimer's and Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients

Chemical characterization of Ginkgo biloba L. and antioxidant properties of its extracts and dietary supplements

Nitrooxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration

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