Biomarkers of oxidative stress and tissue damage released by muscle and liver after a single bout of swimming exercise

Ramos, Dionizio; Martins, Eduarda Lopes; Gomes, Diego Viana; Casimiro-Lopes, Gustavo; Salerno, Verônica P.

doi:10.1139/apnm-2012-0302

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…On the other hand, swimming exercise with moderate intensity for 10 weeks has no effect on serum TAC [68] . Also, there were no significant changes in TAC in the plasma of rats after swimming exercise at 2 different intensities; low intensity or high intensity [69] . Although it appears contradictory, these data suggest that for this specific variable (TAC), exercise type is more important than intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Exercise Training Prevents Age-induced Insulin Resistance in Rats: Effect on Circulating Catecholamines, Inflammatory Cytokines and Skeletal Muscle Glut4 Transporters

El-Gohary¹

2017

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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The incidence of insulin resistance increases with age. This work tested the effect of exercise on ageinduced insulin resistance and the possible involved mechanisms. Six groups of rats were used: 4 months old, 14 months old and 24 months old, either with and without exercise training. Swimming exercise training was performed 2h/day, 5days/week for 6 weeks. Insulin resistance was assessed by measuring serum glucose, serum insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Serum levels of catecholamines, inflammatory cytokines and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) together with skeletal muscle Glut4 mRNA expression were assessed. Aged rats developed insulin resistance associated with increased serum catecholamines and inflammatory cytokine levels, decreased serum TAC and suppression of skeletal muscle Glut4 expressions. Exercise training reversed the developed insulin resistance and restored the values of catecholamines, inflammatory cytokines and skeletal muscle Glut4; however, it did not modify TAC. It was concluded that exercise could reverse aging-induced insulin resistance in rats by decreasing catecholamines and inflammatory cytokines production and also by increasing Glut4 expression in skeletal muscles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Exercise Training Prevents Age-induced Insulin Resistance in Rats: Effect on Circulating Catecholamines, Inflammatory Cytokines and Skeletal Muscle Glut4 Transporters

El-Gohary¹

2017

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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“…This feature is also closely related to exercise intensity (Loegering 1974, Ramos et al 2013; however, these results are not observed in the C-Ex offspring indicating raised cellular stress resistance (Jeong et al 2012). Higher levels of plasma LDH in the Bro-Ex rats suggest an impaired capacity of cell membrane adaptation to chronic exercise load besides other positive responses in adiposity, lipid profile, thyroid status, and insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effects of running wheel training on adult obese rats programmed by maternal prolactin inhibition

Boaventura

Casimiro-Lopes

Pazos‐Moura

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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The inhibition of maternal prolactin production in late lactation leads to metabolic syndrome and hypothyroidism in adult offspring. Physical training is a therapeutic strategy that could prevent or reverse this condition. We evaluated the effects of a short-duration low-intensity running wheel training program on the metabolic and hormonal alterations in rats. Lactating Wistar rats were treated with bromocriptine (Bro, 1 mg twice a day) or saline on days 19, 20, and 21 of lactation, and the training of offspring began at 35 days of age. Offspring were divided into sedentary and trained controls (C-Sed and C-Ex) and sedentary and trained Bro-treated rats (Bro-Sed and Bro-Ex). Chronic exercise delayed the onset of weight gain in Bro-Ex offspring, and the food intake did not change during the experimental period. At 180 days, visceral fat mass was higher (C46%) in the Bro-Sed offspring than in C-Sed and Bro-Ex rats. As expected, running capacity was higher in trained animals. Most parameters observed in the Bro-Sed offspring were consistent with hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome and were reversed in the Bro-Ex group. Chronic exercise did not influence the muscle glycogen in the C-Ex group; however, liver glycogen was higher (C30%) in C-Ex group and was unchanged in both Bro offspring groups. Bro-Ex animals had higher plasma lactate dehydrogenase levels, indicating skeletal muscle damage and intolerance of the training program. Low-intensity chronic training is able to normalize many clinical aspects in Bro animals; however, these animals might have had a lower threshold for exercise adaptation than the control rats.

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“…Through providing a quantifiable characteristic of a biological process, biomarkers can be used as a clinical surrogate endpoint [10], or provide objective information regarding the effect of an exercise protocol [11][12][13][14] or clinical treatment [15][16][17]. In addition, they can aid in understanding the prediction, cause, diagnosis, progression, regression, or outcome of treatment of disease [8], or in the context of this review, the acute and chronic psychophysiological stress response to exercise.…”

Section: What Is a Biomarker?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Realising the Potential of Urine and Saliva as Diagnostic Tools in Sport and Exercise Medicine

Lindsay

Costello

2016

Sports Med

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Accurate monitoring of homeostatic perturbations following various psychophysiological stressors is essential in sports and exercise medicine. Various biomarkers are routinely used as monitoring tools in both clinical and elite sport settings. Blood collection and muscle biopsies, both invasive in nature, are considered the gold standard for the analysis of these biomarkers in exercise science. Exploring non-invasive methods of collecting and analysing biomarkers that are capable of providing accurate information regarding exercise-induced physiological and psychological stress is of obvious practical importance. This review describes the potential benefits, and the limitations, of using saliva and urine to ascertain biomarkers capable of identifying important stressors that are routinely encountered before, during, or after intense or unaccustomed exercise, competition, over-training, and inappropriate recovery. In particular, we focus on urinary and saliva biomarkers that have previously been used to monitor muscle damage, inflammation, cardiovascular stress, oxidative stress, hydration status, and brain distress. Evidence is provided from a range of empirical studies suggesting that urine and saliva are both capable of identifying various stressors. Although additional research regarding the efficacy of using urine and/or saliva to indicate the severity of exercise-induced psychophysiological stress is required, it is likely that these non-invasive biomarkers will represent "the future" in sports and exercise medicine.

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Biomarkers of oxidative stress and tissue damage released by muscle and liver after a single bout of swimming exercise

Cited by 56 publications

References 40 publications

Exercise Training Prevents Age-induced Insulin Resistance in Rats: Effect on Circulating Catecholamines, Inflammatory Cytokines and Skeletal Muscle Glut4 Transporters

Exercise Training Prevents Age-induced Insulin Resistance in Rats: Effect on Circulating Catecholamines, Inflammatory Cytokines and Skeletal Muscle Glut4 Transporters

Effects of running wheel training on adult obese rats programmed by maternal prolactin inhibition

Realising the Potential of Urine and Saliva as Diagnostic Tools in Sport and Exercise Medicine

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