Biomarkers of oxidative stress in the fetus and in the newborn

Perrone, Serafina; Laschi, Elisa; Buonocore, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.034

Cited by 48 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…As there is not yet a well-established oxygen saturation target and the cut-off value for surfactant treatment may be arbitrary, these patients may receive higher oxygen content. This can trigger the activation of pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic pathways, which may contribute to bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other pathologies [30] before surfactant treatment is given during the first hours of life. By contrast, basing the surfactant treatment on LUS score seems to decrease the maximal FiO 2 and the duration of oxygen treatment and may help to decrease oxygen toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early surfactant replacement guided by lung ultrasound in preterm newborns with RDS: the ULTRASURF randomised controlled trial

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to investigate whether using lung ultrasound (LUS) scores in premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) allows for earlier surfactant therapy (within the first 3 h of life) than using FiO 2 criteria. This was a randomised, non-blinded clinical trial conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit. The inclusion criteria were newborns with a gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks and RDS. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to two groups: the ultrasound group, administered surfactant based on LUS score and/or FiO 2 threshold, and the control group, guided by FiO 2 only. Fifty-six patients were included. The ultrasound group received surfactant earlier (1 h of life vs. 6 h, p < 0.001), with lower FiO 2 (25% vs. 30%, p = 0.016) and lower CO 2 (48 vs. 54, p = 0.011). After surfactant treatment, newborns in the ultrasound group presented a greater SpO 2 (p = 0.001) and SpO 2 /FiO 2 ratio (p = 0.012). Conclusions: LUS score allowed an earlier surfactant therapy, reduced oxygen exposure early in life and a better oxygenation after the treatment. This early surfactant replacement may lead to reduced oxygen exposure. Keywords Lung ultrasound. Respiratory distress syndrome. Premature newborns. Surfactant Abbreviations CXR Chest X-ray GA Gestational age LUS Lung ultrasound NA Neonatologist-assistant nCPAP Nasal continuous positive airway pressure What is Known: • Lung ultrasound scores predict the need for surfactant therapy in premature newborns. What is New: • This study shows that using lung ultrasound scores improves the timeliness of surfactant replacement compared with using FiO 2 alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early surfactant replacement guided by lung ultrasound in preterm newborns with RDS: the ULTRASURF randomised controlled trial

et al. 2020

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“…The negative economic impacts on health systems resulted from the treatment of these diseases, stimulating the development of new, cheaper, and more effective therapeutic alternatives [2]. A key factor involved in the development and progression of many chronic diseases is the oxidative stress [3], which is caused by endogenous (deregulation in the body's redox balance) [4] and exogenous (environmental agents) factors [5]. At low concentrations, reactive species (RS) are physiologically important and participate in cellular signaling of biochemical and immunological processes [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrocomia aculeata(Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. Leaves Increase SIRT1 Levels and Improve Stress Resistance

Alfredo

Matafome

Iacia

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Oxidative stress is a metabolic disorder linked with several chronic diseases, and this condition can be improved by natural antioxidants. The fruit pulp of the palm Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. is widely used in the treatment of various illnesses, but as far as we know, there are no reports regarding the properties of its leaves. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of A. aculeata leaf extracts obtained with water (EA-Aa), ethanol (EE-Aa), and methanol (EM-Aa) solvents. The extracts were chemically characterized, and their antioxidant activity was assessed through the scavenging of the free radicals DPPH and ABTS. EE-Aa and EM-Aa showed the highest amounts of phenolic compounds and free radical scavenging activity. However, EA-Aa was more efficient to protect human erythrocytes against AAPH-induced hemolysis and lipid peroxidation. Thus, we further show the antioxidant effect of EA-Aa in preventing AAPH-induced protein oxidation, H2O2-induced DNA fragmentation, and ROS generation in Cos-7 cells. Increased levels of Sirt1, catalase, and activation of ERK and Nrf2 were observed in Cos-7 treated with EA-Aa. We also verify increased survival in nematodes C. elegans, when induced to the oxidative condition by Juglone. Therefore, our results showed a typical chemical composition of plants for all extracts, but the diversity of compounds presented in EA-Aa is involved in the lower toxicity and antioxidant properties provided to the macromolecules tested, proteins, DNA, and lipids. This protective effect also proven in Cos-7 and in C. elegans was probably due to the activation of the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway. Altogether, the low toxicity and the antioxidant properties of EA-Aa showed in all the experimental models support its further use in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.

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“…Therefore, premature infants are especially prone to oxidant injury, in various organs and systems [17][18][19]. The short-term effects of hyperoxia on lungs determines: alterations of the lung epithelium and activation of surfactant with alveolar edema, interstitial thickening, brosis, atelectasis; on retina: activation of various transcription factors including HIF-1α and VEGF, responsible, in a rst phase, of the cessation of retinal vascular growth and subsequently of the abnormal proliferation of retinal vessels with the formation of intraretinal ridges, responsible of the increased risk of retinal detachment; on erythrocytes: oxidative hemolysis and anemia [2]. The long-term effects are described in clinical and experimental studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxygen toxicity is due to the development of reactive oxygen species (ROS), potent oxidants in biological uids that may damage tissues, through reaction with lipids, proteins, DNA, amino acids and several other molecules [1]. An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is called oxidative stress: a potential cause of cell damage [2]. Newborns, especially if preterm, are particular susceptible to oxidative stress due to the immature antioxidant capacity and the likely exposure to many processes such as hypoxia, hypoxia-ischemia, hyperoxia and infections, leading to high levels of free radicals' production [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Oxygen Saturation Monitoring in Preterm Newborns in the NICU: The Italian Picture

Perrone

Giordano

Bernardo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Although many studies emphasize the importance of using oxygen saturation (SpO2) targets in the NICUs, there is a wide variability in used saturation ranges among centers. Primary aim was to draw a representative picture on how the management of oxygen monitoring is performed in the Italian NICUs. Second aim was to identify healthcare-professionals related factors associated with oxygen targeting in the preterm population. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data collection via an electronic survey form. A questionnaire containing pre-piloted and open questions on monitoring and management of the SpO2 was administered to neonatologists across the network of the Italian Society of Neonatology. The questions focused on: the infrastructure, specific training, healthcare professionals and patients-related factors. The results of the survey were anonymously collected, summarized and analyzed. Results: Out of 378 questionnaires, 93 were correctly filled. Thirty-six different SpO2 ranges were observed. Centers using written standard operating procedures on oxygen management and SpO2 monitoring maintained a correct average range of SpO2 90-95%, avoided hyperoxia and reconsidered saturation targets in relation to comorbidities. 39.8% of responders disabled alarms during neonatal care. One center used biomarkers for complete monitoring of neonatal oxygenation status. Conclusions: There is considerable variation in SpO2 targets for preterm infants in the Italian NICUs. Standard operating procedures and specific training for health care personnel are the main factors playing a role for the correct maintenance of the recommended oxygen targets in preterms.

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Biomarkers of oxidative stress in the fetus and in the newborn

Cited by 48 publications

References 88 publications

Early surfactant replacement guided by lung ultrasound in preterm newborns with RDS: the ULTRASURF randomised controlled trial

Early surfactant replacement guided by lung ultrasound in preterm newborns with RDS: the ULTRASURF randomised controlled trial

Acrocomia aculeata(Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. Leaves Increase SIRT1 Levels and Improve Stress Resistance

Management of Oxygen Saturation Monitoring in Preterm Newborns in the NICU: The Italian Picture

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