Biomarkers of renal parenchymal damage in young children with congenital hydronephrosis: literature review

Abstract

Enlargement of the fetal renal cavity system occurs in 1-5% of cases during prenatal ultrasound examination and can be caused by congenital hydronephrosis as having pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction, which is one of the most common nosologies in the structure of obstructive uropathy in childhood. The high risk of decreased renal function at the preclinical stage of disease development dictates the need to create highly informative diagnostic programs and treatment algorithms aimed at preventing the development of complications. In this review, we discuss the results of studies on the diagnostic and prognostic value of cytokine biomarkers that are of greatest interest in congenital hydronephrosis in young children, these include: KIM-1, VEGF-A, MCP-1, NGAL, IL-1. The literature search for writing this review was carried out using the Web of Science, PubMed, RSCI, CyberLeninka, Scopus databases.