Biomass and elemental composition of eggs and larvae of a mangrove crab, &lt;i&gt;Sesarma rectum&lt;/i&gt; Randall (Decapoda: Sesarmidae) and comparison to a related species with abbreviated larval development

Anger, Klaus; Moreira, Gloria S.

doi:10.3989/scimar.2004.68n1117

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Large egg size and larval lecithotrophy are generally considered ancestral traits appearing early in the clade that radiated in Jamaica (for references, see Anger 2001;Anger and Moreira 2004). Similar to the lack of hyporegulation in adult crabs, these reproductive adaptations are consistent with an evolutionarily direct transition from coastal (brackish-marine) to isolated limnic environments where the larvae are exposed to planktonic food limitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The other way around, it is also possible that phylogenetic constraints never capacitated members of other families of the Grapsoidea with terrestrial or limnic adults (e.g., Gecarcinidae, Varunidae, or Glyptograpsidae) to produce yolk-rich eggs and thus evolve abbreviated development. Schubart et al (2000) emphasized that all "entirely inland" forms among the Grapsoidea are species belonging to the Sesarmidae and that this is the only grapsoid family with marked reduction of larval stages and production of large yolk-rich eggs, even in the marine environment (Anger 1995;Anger and Moreira 2004;C. D. Schubart, unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is no doubt that the endemic sesarmid crabs produce, in general, far larger eggs (all with diameters well above 1 mm) than closely related marine and brackish-water species (all !0.5 mm; Anger 1995;Diesel et al 2000). As a consequence, the organic biomass per egg or newly hatched larva is in the limnic and terrestrial species from Jamaica at least one order of magnitude higher than in coastal relatives (Table 2; Anger and Moreira 2004). Extremely high-percentage C and H values (53%-61% and 7.5%-10.3%, respectively) as well as unusually high C : N ratios (6-8.4) indicate that the females deposit great amounts of lipid reserves in the egg yolk.…”

Section: Egg Size and Initial Larval Biomassmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Experimental Evidence of Food‐Independent Larval Development in Endemic Jamaican Freshwater‐Breeding Crabs

Anger¹,

Schubart²

2005

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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In an experimental study, we compared reproductive and developmental traits of endemic sesarmid crabs from Jamaica living in landlocked limnic or terrestrial habitats. Laboratory rearing and behavioral observations showed that the larval development of Sesarma windsor, Sesarma dolphinum (both from freshwater brooks), and Metopaulias depressus (the bromeliad crab) invariably consists of two nonfeeding zoeal stages and a facultatively lecithotrophic megalopa. In a quantitative study of life-history processes characterizing this developmental mode, we provide for S. windsor first data of biomass and elemental composition (dry mass, W; carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, collectively, CHN) during development from the egg through successive larval stages. These data show that larval independence of food is based on an enhanced female energy allocation in reproduction, reflected in unusually large egg size (1.45-1.70 mm), as well as high contents of C and H (about 60% and 9%, respectively) and high C : N ratios (7.6-8.4) in eggs and early larvae. During zoeal development, about 6% of initial W and 9% of N but 13% each of C and H were lost; similar losses occurred during megalopal development in continued absence of food. These patterns reflect the metabolic utilization of stored organic matter, with preferential degradation of lipid reserves. Fed megalopae gained greater amounts of W and N as compared with C and H (increments of 37% and 38% vs. 25% and 19%, respectively), indicating preferential investment of nutritional energy in proteins required for the formation of new tissues and organs, while generally decreasing proportions of CHN within total W suggested an increasing mineralization of the exoskeleton. Although survival and molt * Corresponding author; e-mail: kanger@awi-bremerhaven.de. cycle duration of the megalopa stage were not affected by absence of food, significant effects were found in the size of firststage juvenile crabs, indicating a trade-off between nutritional flexibility in the last larval stage and postmetamorphic fitness. Similar patterns of development and biomass in M. depressus as well as preliminary data obtained for S. dolphinum and Sesarma fossarum suggest that reproductive and developmental traits may be similar in all endemic Jamaican sesarmids. These traits are interpreted as life-history adaptations to development in landlocked habitats, probably playing a key role during adaptive radiation. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Egg Size and Initial Larval Biomassmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Experimental Evidence of Food‐Independent Larval Development in Endemic Jamaican Freshwater‐Breeding Crabs

Anger¹,

Schubart²

2005

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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“…We hypothesize that most authors who work in the field of marine sciences do not know this technique and use other better-known methods to measure total nitrogen. In marine sciences, there are many studies performed with CHN elemental composition (Lourenço et al 2002;Anger and Moreira 2004;Baguley et al 2004;Langenbuch and Pörtner 2004;Rotllant et al 2004;Barbarino and Lourenço 2005;Galley et al 2005;Parrish et al 2005, among others) and Kjeldahl method (Yang and Hodgkiss 2004;Gao et al 2005;Shin et al 2006;Hjalmarsson et al 2007;Khodabux et al 2007, among others). Comparative studies that test the quality and accuracy of the Hach method can demonstrate its usefulness to the scientific community of marine sciences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of CHN analysis and Hach acid digestion to quantify total nitrogen in marine organisms

Barbarino

Lourenço

2009

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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The quantification of total nitrogen in biological samples has wide applications in marine sciences. Different methods are currently used to quantify nitrogen content, but their accuracies have not been extensively tested with samples of marine origin. In this study, we compared results for total nitrogen analysis generated by the Hach method, a relatively new and low-cost technique, with CHN elemental analysis, a widely accepted and costly technique. Sixty aquatic organisms were tested covering substantial biological diversity, including algae, invertebrates, fishes, mangrove plants, salt marsh plants, and seagrasses. Two pure protein standards (bovine serum albumin and bovine milk casein) were also tested. All materials were tested using freeze-dried samples. Fishes showed the highest concentrations of nitrogen, with values always higher than 14%, whereas leaves of mangrove plants showed the poorest N content among all species (<2.0%). In general, animals showed higher values for total nitrogen than algae and spermatophytes. Results obtained with CHN analysis and the Hach method were compared for each species based on triplicate analyses for each method. Comparisons for each species showed no statistical differences between the techniques, which yielded virtually identical nitrogen measurements. In addition, results obtained with both CHN analysis and the Hach method for the two pure protein standards were similar to data provided by the manufacturer. The set of results indicates that the Hach method is suitable for nitrogen analysis of marine organisms and should be considered as an inexpensive and accurate alternative for nitrogen quantification.

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“…In fact, our knowledge of the carbon and nitrogen contents is based mostly on planktonic crustaceans and decapods, especially crabs (e.g. Omori & Ikeda 1984, Anger & Moreira 2004, Parrish et al 2005, Bas et al 2007)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and sulphur components of intertidal caprellids (Crustacea) from southern Spain

Guerra-García¹,

Cabezas²,

Baeza-Rojano³

et al. 2009

Aquat. Biol.

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Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) contents were measured in the most common caprellid species inhabiting intertidal ecosystems of southern Spain ( Caprella acan- thifera , C. danilevskii , C. dilatata , C. equilibra , C. grandimana , C. hirsuta , C. liparotensis and C. penantis ). Five gammarid species ( Ampithoe sp., Apherusa sp., Hyale perieri , H. schmidtii and Jassa marmorata ), 3 isopods ( Dynamene edwardsi , Idotea chelipes and Ischyromene lacazei) and the tanaid Tanais dulongii were also collected for comparisons. Univariate analyses showed that S con- tent was significantly higher in caprellids (mean ± SD; 1.5 ± 0.3%) than in gammarids (1.1 ± 0.1%), isopods (0.9 ± 0.2%) and tanaids (0.9 ± 0.3%), and N showed significantly higher concentrations in caprellids (6.0 ± 0.9%) and gammarids (6.2 ± 0.5%) than in isopods (5.2 ± 0.8%) and tanaids (5.4 ± 0.4%). The average of the C and H contents by dry weight was 27.2 ± 3.1 and 4.6 ± 0.4%, respec- tively, in caprellids, 28.2 ± 2.3 and 4.7 ± 0.3% in gammarids, 26.8 ± 3.0 and 4.2 ± 0.5% in isopods and 26.4 ± 2.0 and 4.2 ± 0.3% in tanaids. The first axis of the principal component analysis associated with the concentrations for the 17 peracaridan species accounted for 69.7% of the total variance and cor- related significantly with C, H and N, while the second axis accounted for 25.1% of the variance and correlated with S. Caprellid females showed higher concentrations of C, H, N and S than males, but analysis of variance only showed significant differences in the percentage of C and H. The higher C and H contents in females could reflect a larger accumulation of lipids in the body and could be related to reproduction and differences in feeding habitats between males and females

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Biomass and elemental composition of eggs and larvae of a mangrove crab, <i>Sesarma rectum</i> Randall (Decapoda: Sesarmidae) and comparison to a related species with abbreviated larval development

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Experimental Evidence of Food‐Independent Larval Development in Endemic Jamaican Freshwater‐Breeding Crabs

Experimental Evidence of Food‐Independent Larval Development in Endemic Jamaican Freshwater‐Breeding Crabs

Comparison of CHN analysis and Hach acid digestion to quantify total nitrogen in marine organisms

Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and sulphur components of intertidal caprellids (Crustacea) from southern Spain

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