Biomass as the Renewable Energy Sources in Malaysia: An Overview

Chuah, Teong-Guan; Azlina, A.G. K. Wan; Robiah, Y.; Omar, Rozita

doi:10.1080/01971520600704779

Cited by 73 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The wastes from palm oil (excess fiber, empty fruit bunches and shell) have been utilized on-site to provide energy for the mill and electricity exports to the grid. For low-pressure systems with an assumed conversion rate of 2.5 kg of palm oil waste per kW¨h, potentially 7000 GW¨h could be generated [1]. The Malaysian government strongly promotes the uses of palm diesel as a replacement for fossil fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Based Composites: Application and Opportunity

et al. 2015

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Natural fibers are fine examples of renewable resources that play an important role in the composites industry, which produces superior strength comparable to synthetic fibers. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composites in particular have attracted enormous interest in view of their satisfactory performance, properties and biodegradability. Their performance in many applications such as consumer, biomedical, and agriculture is well defined and promising. This paper reviews the utilization of natural fibers from macro to nanoscale as reinforcement in PVA composites. An overview on the properties, processing methods, biodegradability, and applications of these composites is presented. The advantages arising from chemical and physical modifications of fibers or composites are discussed in terms of improved properties and performance. In addition, proper arrangement of nanocellulose in composites helps to prevent agglomeration and results in a better dispersion. The limitations and challenges of the composites and future works of these bio-composites are also discussed. This review concludes that PVA composites have potential for use in numerous applications. However, issues on technological feasibility, environmental effectiveness, and economic affordability should be considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Based Composites: Application and Opportunity

et al. 2015

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“…Therefore, the experiments were repeated three times for all analyses to obtain average result in order to minimize the differences in the characteristic of POME. Approximately 0.7 m3 of POME is generated for every ton of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) processed [2,17]. Every ton of POME can generate about 28 m3 of biogas and about 2.4 ton of methane gas can be derived in a year which is equivalent to 3.4 million litres of diesel and the estimated energy generated is 13,600 MWh of electricity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is important for the palm oil industry to be sustainable to increase its long-term profitability and sustainability. This industry supplied a huge number of byproducts such as empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm fiber and shell that are readily available to be used as energy source [2,3]. The flow chart of a typical milling process in Malaysian palm oil mill is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (Pome) as a Renewable Energy Source

Aziz¹,

Hanafiah²

2017

Acta sci. Malays

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The expanding of oil palm industry has given a significant benefit to the economic growth and country development. However, it has also contributed to environmental problems due to the production of huge quantities of waste and byproducts. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid discharge from the palm oil milling process. POME without proper treatment could be harmful to environment because it emitted greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Therefore, due to its high organic carbon content, POME has currently been applied to generate biogas. This study aims to measure the physicochemical characteristics of untreated POME and the potential of POME as renewable energy. The physicochemical characteristics of raw POME such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia (NH3N), dry matter (DM) content and heavy metals were also measured and compared with the regulatory discharge limits. Converting POME to biogas can produce energy which save a huge source of renewable energy as well as reduce the environmental impacts of palm oil production.Cite this article as: Nur Izzah Hamna A. Aziz, Marlia M. Hanafiah (2017). The Potential Of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) As A Renewable Energy Source. Acta Scientifica Malaysia, 1(2):09-11.

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“…However, biomass in Malaysia contributes about 14% of the approximately 2.074 billion GJ of energy used every year according to Chuah et al (2006). The relatively small amount of on-site waste in rubber processing activities means that it is a fairly low priority area for biomass-based renewable energy development.…”

Section: Rubberwood As a Potential Energy Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

The Prospects of Rubberwood Biomass Energy Production in Malaysia

Ratnasingam¹,

Ramasamy²,

Wai³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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Rubber has been shown to be one of the most important plantation crops in Malaysia, and rubber tree biomass has widespread applications in almost all sectors of the wood products manufacturing sector. Despite its abundance, the exploitation of rubberwood biomass for energy generation is limited when compared to other available biomass such as oil palm, rice husk, cocoa, sugarcane, coconut, and other wood residues. Furthermore, the use of biomass for energy generation is still in its early stages in Malaysia, a nation still highly dependent on fossil fuels for energy production. The constraints for large scale biomass energy production in Malaysia are the lack of financing for such projects, the need for large investments, and the limited research and development activities in the sector of efficient biomass energy production. The relatively low cost of energy in Malaysia, through the provision of subsidy, also restricts the potential utilization of biomass for energy production. In order to fully realize the potential of biomass energy in Malaysia, the environmental cost must be factored into the cost of energy production.

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Biomass as the Renewable Energy Sources in Malaysia: An Overview

Cited by 73 publications

References 20 publications

A Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Based Composites: Application and Opportunity

A Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Based Composites: Application and Opportunity

The Potential of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (Pome) as a Renewable Energy Source

The Prospects of Rubberwood Biomass Energy Production in Malaysia

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