Biomass-Derived Carbonaceous Materials with Multichannel Waterways for Solar-Driven Clean Water and Thermoelectric Power Generation

Liu, Xinghang; Mishra, Debesh Devadutta; Li, Yuankai; Gao, Long; Peng, Hong-Yan; Zhang, Ling; Hu, Chaoquan

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c09177

Cited by 80 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The ionic concentrations of Na + , Mg 2+ , K + , and Ca 2+ in seawater were 8259.00, 970.22, 258.49, and 294.91 mg L −1 , respectively, and the corresponding ionic concentrations in desalinated water were 0.86, 0.06, 0.07, and 0.21 mg L −1 , which fully met the standards for drinking water by the World Health Organization. [ 72–74 ] This result suggests that PPy‐SS has a great potential for seawater desalination.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

A Stable Bilayer Polypyrrole‐Sorghum Straw Evaporator for Efficient Solar Steam Generation and Desalination

Cai

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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seawater. Therefore, desalination has been considered to be one of the most promising technologies to solve the shortage of freshwater resources. [5,6] In recent years, many seawater desalination technologies, such as thermal desalination, [4] reverse osmosis desalination, [4,7] forward osmosis desalination, [8,9] and nanofiltration [10] were developed and used to obtain freshwater. These desalination technologies, however, consume a lot of fuel or electricity and indirectly increase carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, they are costly and not suitable for large-scale use in remote or underdeveloped water-deficient areas. [5,11,12] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a fresh and low cost desalination technology that can be driven by renewable clean energy. [13] Among all the renewable energy sources, solar energy has attracted extensive attention from researchers around the world because it can be applied to various water sources, such as seawater, rivers, and sewage to produce fresh water and is regarded as a feasible alternative to traditional fossil fuels. [11,14] Combining the inexhaustible solar energy with the available large amount of seawater, using the solar seawater desalination to produce low-cost and sustainable freshwater has become one of the effective ways to solve the worldwide problem of lack of fresh water resources. [11,15] However, seawater has a remarkably weak absorption rate of sunlight, resulting in wasting the majority of the energy and a low evaporation efficiency.In recent years, researchers have developed a solar interfacial evaporator, which can effectively improve the evaporation efficiency of solar evaporators compared to the traditional technology that uses solar energy to directly heat a large amount of water. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] For example, Dong et al. [32] developed reed leaves inspired silica nanofibrous aerogel interfacial evaporator that achieves an evaporation rate of 1.25 kg m −2 h −1 under 1 Sun. You et al. [33] developed a cellulose aerogel from natural wood to act as a solar interfacial evaporator, which can achieve an evaporation rate of 1.40 kg m −2 h −1 , corresponding to an evaporation efficiency of 83.4% under 1 Sun. Liu et al. [34] developed a carbonized chitosan aerogel interfacial evaporator that achieves an evaporation rate of about 1.76 kg m −2 h −1 and an evaporation efficiency of about 91.0% under 1 Sun.Among solar interfacial evaporators, interfacial evaporators with bilayer structure are one of the typical types. There are two Solar desalination is one of the most promising technologies for alleviating the shortage of fresh water. In recent years, interfacial solar evaporators have attracted much attention due to their higher energy efficiency compared to traditional technologies that directly heat bulk water. However, its development has been hampered by the complex preparation process, high costs, and low evaporation performance. Here, a bilayer biomass solar interfacial evaporator-polypyrrole-sorghum straw (...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

A Stable Bilayer Polypyrrole‐Sorghum Straw Evaporator for Efficient Solar Steam Generation and Desalination

Cai

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…An infrared (IR) camera was used to record the temperature changes in the samples (226s, FOTRIC, Shanghai, China). The energy conversion efficiency (η) is given by Equation (1) [ 29 ]:

m: evaporation rate; I: power density of simulated solar illumination; h lv : total enthalpy including phase change (h lv(T) ) from liquid water to vapor and sensible heat (Q) can be calculated by the following equations [ 18 ]: …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…m: evaporation rate; I: power density of simulated solar illumination; h lv : total enthalpy including phase change (h lv(T) ) from liquid water to vapor and sensible heat (Q) can be calculated by the following equations [18]:…”

Section: Solar Evaporation Performance Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient Solar-Driven Water Purification Based on Biochar with Multi-Level Pore Bundle Structure for Preparation of Drinking Water

Zhang

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2021

Foods

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Water is an important source for humankind. However, the amount of available clean water has rapidly reduced worldwide. To combat this issue, the solar-energy-driven evaporation technique is newly proposed to produce clean water. Here, biochar derived from sorghum stalk with a multi-level pore bundle structure is utilized to fabricate a solar-driven evaporator for the first time. The biochar displays rapid water transfer and low thermal conductivity (ca. 0.0405 W m−1 K−1), which is vitally important for such an application purpose. The evaporation rate and energy conversion efficiency of the solar evaporator based on carbonized sorghum stalk can achieve up to 3.173 kg m−2 h−1 and 100%, respectively, which are better than most of the previously reported biomass materials. Furthermore, the carbonized sorghum stalk also displays good resistance to salt crystallization, anti-acidic/basic, and organic pollutants by producing drinking water using seawater, acidic/basic waste water, and organic polluted water, respectively. The direct application of processed water in food production was also investigated. The present solar steam evaporator based on the carbonized sorghum stalk has the potential to create practical drinking water production by using various water sources.

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“…Typical evaporation rate of SSG from carbonaceous materials, plasmonic metals, polymeric materials, and semiconductors. [19,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] On the other hand, photothermal polymeric materials feature advances in providing robust hybrid structures of combining two or more types of photothermal agents. [80][81][82][83] Polypyrrole (PPy), [84][85][86] polyaniline (PAn), [33,34,87] polythiophene (PT), [83] and their derivatives are some of the common polymers investigated for photothermal purpose.…”

Section: Carbonaceous and Polymeric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐of‐the‐Art Advances, Development, and Challenges of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Nanomaterials for Photothermal Solar Steam Generation

Tan

Yap

Zheng

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Solar steam generation has drawn high levels of attention from the research community in recent years due to its wide application and abundantly available energy source—sunlight. To the best of the author's knowledge, a specialized overview of photothermal semiconductor solar steam generation has not been conducted to date. In this review, the recently reported solar evaporators using metal oxide semiconductors as the photoabsorber material are investigated, from the perspective of nanostructure, synthesis method, and installation method. A timeline sequence map is generated with the CiteSpace analysis tool to visualize the trend of metal oxide semiconductors as photoabsorbers. The nanostructure of metal oxide semiconductor is emphasized, due to its significant effect on regulating photothermal efficiency in solar steam generation. In addition, other considerations are suggested to enable a fair evaluation of future synthesized photoabsorbers, including cost, stability, reproducibility, recyclability, and regenerative ability. A brief summary of divergent application of solar steam generation is conducted to show the merits of solar steam generation, as well to provide insights for production of photoabsorbers targeted to varying usage and scenarios. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities of metal oxide solar steam generation system are elaborated from the viewpoint of the authors, with the aim to provide useful insights for future development of photothermal solar steam generation.

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Biomass-Derived Carbonaceous Materials with Multichannel Waterways for Solar-Driven Clean Water and Thermoelectric Power Generation

Cited by 80 publications

References 62 publications

A Stable Bilayer Polypyrrole‐Sorghum Straw Evaporator for Efficient Solar Steam Generation and Desalination

A Stable Bilayer Polypyrrole‐Sorghum Straw Evaporator for Efficient Solar Steam Generation and Desalination

Efficient Solar-Driven Water Purification Based on Biochar with Multi-Level Pore Bundle Structure for Preparation of Drinking Water

State‐of‐the‐Art Advances, Development, and Challenges of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Nanomaterials for Photothermal Solar Steam Generation

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