Biomass-derived porous activated carbon from <i>anacardium occidentale</i> shell as electrode material for supercapacitors

Hepsiba, P.; Rajkumar, S.; Elaiyappillai, Elanthamilan; Wang, Sea-Fue; Merlin, J. Princy

doi:10.1039/d2nj01041k

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…30 All activated carbon diffraction peaks are wide and weakly intense, suggesting the amorphous and small crystalline nature of the samples. 31 Raman Analysis. Raman analysis was used to examine the graphitic structure of the AC samples.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This excellent performance is related to the mesoporous nature of the AC3 electrode, which provides a more significant number of active sites and high surface area for electrochemical activity. 31,59 Furthermore, power and energy density are crucial for any supercapacitor device that governs its practical application. The energy density E (Wh kg −1 ) and power density P (W kg −1 ) of the as-fabricated device were calculated using eqs 7 and 8, respectively…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Potassium-Based Activating Agents on the Biochar Derived from Coconut Tree Husk for Enhancing the Surface Area and Supercapacitor Performance

Ajin,

Chandra Bose

2024

Energy Fuels

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The growing demands for environmental and energy sustainability drive the development of energy storage devices with high energy and power densities and, consequently, potential electrode materials. The conversion of biomass waste into sustainable electrode materials has attracted much attention in the scientific community for energy storage applications. In this work, porous carbon is derived from the agricultural biowaste of the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) husk. This biowaste is activated through a chemical activation method using different activating agents, such as K2CO3, KOH, KMnO4, KCl, KBr, and KI. Among the samples, biomass-derived carbon activated using the KMnO4 activating agent (AC3) delivers a high specific surface area of 2333.4 m2 g–1 with a pore volume of 2.625 cm3 g–1, which results in excellent electrochemical performance, with a gravimetric capacitance of 560 F g–1 at 2 A g–1 current density in 2 M KOH electrolyte solution. To demonstrate the real-time application, symmetric aqueous (KOH) and gel [poly(vinyl alcohol)-PVA/KOH] electrolyte devices are fabricated using the AC3@graphite sheet as positive and negative electrodes. The fabricated symmetric gel electrolyte device achieves a high gravimetric capacitance of 276 F g–1 at the current density of 2 A g–1. The above device manifests an energy density of 38.3 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 1 kW kg–1. Besides, the cycle stability retains 98% even after 5000 cycles at 10 A g–1 current density. These superior electrochemical outcomes suggest that this AC3@graphite sheet electrode will have potential in electric double-layer supercapacitors.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Potassium-Based Activating Agents on the Biochar Derived from Coconut Tree Husk for Enhancing the Surface Area and Supercapacitor Performance

Ajin,

Chandra Bose

2024

Energy Fuels

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“…Hepsiba et al successfully utilized Anacardium occidentale (AO) shell-derived porous carbon as the electrode material for supercapacitor applications [ 26 ]. In this study, AO nut-skin waste was used as a precursor to prepare heteroatom-doped porous carbon by direct pyrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Functionalized Porous Carbon by Direct Pyrolysis of Anacardium occidentale Nut-Skin Waste and Its Utilization towards Supercapacitors

et al. 2023

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Preparing electrode materials plays an essential role in the fabrication of high-performance supercapacitors. In general, heteroatom doping in carbon-based electrode materials enhances the electrochemical properties. Herein, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur co-doped porous carbon (PC) materials were prepared by direct pyrolysis of Anacardium occidentale (AO) nut-skin waste for high-performance supercapacitor applications. The as-prepared AO-PC material possessed interconnected micropore/mesopore structures and exhibited a high specific surface area of 615 m2 g−1. The Raman spectrum revealed a moderate degree of graphitization of AO-PC materials. These superior properties of the as-prepared AO-PC material help to deliver high specific capacitance. After fabricating the working electrode, the electrochemical performances including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were conducted in 1 M H2SO4 aqueous solution using a three-electrode configuration for supercapacitor applications. The AO-PC material delivered a high specific capacitance of 193 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. The AO-PC material demonstrated <97% capacitance retention even after 10,000 cycles of charge–discharge at the current density of 5 A g−1. All the above outcomes confirmed that the as-prepared AO-PC from AO nut-skin waste via simple pyrolysis is an ideal electrode material for fabricating high-performance supercapacitors. Moreover, this work provides a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy for adding value to biomass waste by a simple pyrolysis route.

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“…9,[12][13][14][15] In general carbon-based materials, such as activated carbon (AC), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and graphene oxide/ reduced graphene oxide are listed under EDLC type electrodes. 16 Furthermore, metal oxides/sulfides, metal hydroxides, and conducting polymers are listed as the primary pseudocapacitive materials. 17,18 However, developing appropriate electrode material for SCs has become an important component to increase the performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In EDLC, the electric charge is stored at the electrode‐electrolyte interfaces, while pseudocapacitors delivered the energy by Faradaic redox reactions 9,12‐15 . In general carbon‐based materials, such as activated carbon (AC), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and graphene oxide/ reduced graphene oxide are listed under EDLC type electrodes 16 . Furthermore, metal oxides/sulfides, metal hydroxides, and conducting polymers are listed as the primary pseudocapacitive materials 17,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis of platelet‐like zirconium tungstate nanostructures for high‐performance supercapacitors

Elaiyappillai

Rajkumar

Wang

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Increasing demand for electronic devices has sparked quantum of research work on energy storage systems. In the present work, we report the facile synthesis of platelet-like Zirconium tungstate (ZrW 2 O 8 NPs) binary metal oxide via co-precipitation method. The ZrW 2 O 8 NPs was confirmed by several physicochemical techniques. Furthermore, FESEM images proved the platelet-like morphology of ZrW 2 O 8 NPs. The as-prepared ZrW 2 O 8 NPs was used as electrode material in the fabrication of supercapacitors. ZrW 2 O 8 NPs @ Ni foil shows the specific capacitance (C sp ) maximum of 508 F g À1 at 5 mV/s and showed 91.3% of cyclic stability after 4000 GCD cycles. As a result, ZrW 2 O 8 NPs was utilized as an anode electrode material to construct an asymmetric device, ZrW 2 O 8 NPs jj Activated carbon (AC). The as-fabricated device showed the energy density of 9.65 Wh kg À1 related to the power density of 299.48 W kg À1 . The effective supercapacitive behavior might be due to the unique morphological features, occurrence of multiple redox sites, and enhanced electrical conductivity of ZrW 2 O 8 NPs. Thus, all these findings account for the applicability of ZrW 2 O 8 NPs as electrode material in highperformance supercapacitors.

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Biomass-derived porous activated carbon from anacardium occidentale shell as electrode material for supercapacitors

Abstract: Anacardium occidentale shell (AOS) biowaste was chemically activated using KOH at various temperatures to produce AC. Interestingly, this study also presents a novel strategy for achieving value-added usage of cashewnut shell in the energy storage field.

Cited by 23 publications

References 59 publications

Effects of Potassium-Based Activating Agents on the Biochar Derived from Coconut Tree Husk for Enhancing the Surface Area and Supercapacitor Performance

Effects of Potassium-Based Activating Agents on the Biochar Derived from Coconut Tree Husk for Enhancing the Surface Area and Supercapacitor Performance

Facile Synthesis of Functionalized Porous Carbon by Direct Pyrolysis of Anacardium occidentale Nut-Skin Waste and Its Utilization towards Supercapacitors

Facile synthesis of platelet‐like zirconium tungstate nanostructures for high‐performance supercapacitors

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