Biomass pyrolysis kinetics: A comparative critical review with relevant agricultural residue case studies

White, John E.; Catallo, W. James; Legendre, B. L.

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2011.01.004

Cited by 1,032 publications

(594 citation statements)

References 361 publications

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“…This trend of CO can be explained by the breaking of C-C and C-O bonds at a temperature of 240 up to 400 •C [10]. Breaking of bonds is attributed to the presence of hemi-cellulose and cellulose and the evolution of CO at higher temperatures due to lignin.. On the other hand, the evolution of H2 shows two peaks at 470 The release of H2 at the lower temperature was caused by the primary pyrolysis [10], while the release of H2 at the higher temperature resulted from the cracking of heavy hydrocarbons. It was established that the prevailing hydrocarbon species in DPSs were CO and CH4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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The Pyrolysis Behavior of Evolved Species from Date Palm Seeds

Babiker

Aziz

Heikal

et al. 2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The pyrolytic behavior of evolved gases from date palm seeds (DPSs) were measured to gain insight into the mechanism of DPSs pyrolysis. Six different cultivars were used in this study, namely Deglet nour, Piarom, Suffry, Safawi, Mabroom and Aliya. A thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a real-time gas analyzer (GA) were used to calculate the mass losses and the mole fraction of evolved gases, respectively. DPSs samples were pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere condition using argon with a purge rate of 100 mL/minute. The samples were subjected to non-isothermal operation. An independent single model and parallel reaction model were adopted to interpret the empirical data collected from TGA and GA, respectively. The results reveled that there are three types of pyrolysis zones depending on the main constituents of every cultivars. Moreover, the potentialty of the zones in controlling the pyrolysis behavior was noticeable. The dominant hydrocarbon species in DPSs were CO and CH4 (40 to 50% higher than the rest of species). The mole fraction of CO was 2 to 4 times higher than the mole fraction of CO2. The activation energy and frequency factor of DPSs evolved species showed that Mabroom has the highest activation energy regarding H2 (63.21kJ/mol) and CO (74.32 kJ/mol).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…On the other hand, macro-scale experiments are identified by complexity and time consuming [10]. Particularly, if the evolved gases are meant to be measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pyrolysis Behavior of Evolved Species from Date Palm Seeds

Babiker

Aziz

Heikal

et al. 2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

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“…The variable K is the reaction rate constant expressing the dependence on temperature, usually given in Eq. (2) by the Arrhenius formula (White et al 2011):…”

Section: Kinetic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Kinetic Behaviors of Fallen Leaves and Waste Tires Using Thermogravimetric Analysis

et al. 2017

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Thermal decomposition characteristics and kinetic parameters of fallen leaves (FLs), waste tires (WTs), and their blends (1:1 weight ratio) were investigated. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted with four different heating rates of 5 °C/min, 10 °C/min, 20 °C/min, and 40 °C/min from 35 °C to 800 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) curves indicated that the three samples were mainly degraded in a wide temperature range of 350 °C to 450 °C, and that a greater weight loss rate corresponded to a higher heating rate. An elemental analysis demonstrated that FLs/WTs blends embraced a maximum calorific value that reached 25.24 MJ/kg. Two model-free methods, iso-conversional Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) were applied on the TGA data of samples to calculate the activation energies. The results showed that the average activation energies of the same feedstock based on KAS and FWO methods were approximately the same, with the highest error within 1.6%. Then, the activation energies obtained were introduced in the Coats/Redfern (CR) model-fitting method to derive the pre-exponential factors, based on first order rate of reaction.

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“…Nevertheless, research into biomass pyrolysis is multi-disciplinary and multi-dimensional. The diverse array of these research activities include advanced analytical chemistry methods for bio-oil characterization [16][17][18], developing kinetic models for the pyrolysis reactions [19], computational fluid dynamic studies [20], design of new reactors [21], developing new heating methods such as microwave assisted pyrolysis [22][23], optimizing the bio-oil yield [24], developing various bio-oil upgrading methods [25], process intensification [26], techno-economic analysis [27,28] and environmental assessment [29], in addition to enterprise-wide and supply chain optimization [30][31][32]. A recent review of the research into biomass fast pyrolysis is provided by Meier et al, [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated biorefineries: CO2 utilization for maximum biomass conversion

Sharifzadeh

Wang

Shah

2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Biomass-derived fuels can contribute to energy sustainability through diversifying energy supply and mitigating carbon emissions. However, the biomass chemistry p`oses an important challenge, i.e., the effective hydrogen to carbon ratio is significantly lower for biomass compared to petroleum, and biomass conversion technologies produce a large amount of carbon dioxide by-product. Therefore, CO2 capture and utilization will be an indispensable element of future biorefineries. The present research explores the economic feasibility and environmental performance of utilizing CO2 from biomass pyrolysis for biodiesel production via microalgae. The results suggest that it is possible to increase biomass to fuel conversion from 55% to 73%. In addition, if subsidies and fuel taxes are included in the economic analysis, the extra produced fuel can compensate the cost of CO2 utilization, and is competitive with petroleum-derived fuels. Finally, the proposed integrated refinery shows promise as CO2 in the flue gas is reduced from 45% of total input carbon to 6% with another 19% in biomass residue waste streams.

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Biomass pyrolysis kinetics: A comparative critical review with relevant agricultural residue case studies

Cited by 1,032 publications

References 361 publications

The Pyrolysis Behavior of Evolved Species from Date Palm Seeds

The Pyrolysis Behavior of Evolved Species from Date Palm Seeds

Thermal and Kinetic Behaviors of Fallen Leaves and Waste Tires Using Thermogravimetric Analysis

Integrated biorefineries: CO2 utilization for maximum biomass conversion

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