Biomass Straw-Derived Porous Carbon Synthesized for Supercapacitor by Ball Milling

Abstract

A large amount of biomass straw waste is generated every year in the world, which can cause serious environmental pollution and resource waste if disposed of improperly. At present, biomass-derived porous carbon materials prepared from biomass waste as a carbon source have garnered attention due to their renewability, huge reserves, low cost, and environmental benevolence. In this work, high-performance carbon materials were prepared via a one-step carbonization-activation method and ball milling, with waste tobacco straw as precursor and nano-ZnO as template and activator. The specific surface area and porous structure of biomass-derived carbon could be controlled by carbonization temperature, which is closely related to the electrochemical performances of the carbon material. It was found that, when the carbonization temperature was 800 °C, the biochar possesses maximum specific surface area (1293.2 m2·g−1) and exhibits high capacitance of 220.7 F·g−1, at 1 A·g−1 current density in a three-electrode configuration with 6 M KOH aqueous solution. The capacitance retention maintained about 94.83% at 5 A·g−1 after 3000 cycles. This work proves the porous biochar derived from tobacco straws has a great potential prospect in the field of supercapacitors.

Functional carbon dots derived from biomass and plastic wastes

“…3.1.1 Vegetal source. Table 3 presents a comprehensive summary of plants that have been used to prepare CDs, including empty fruit bunch, 101 beetroot, 102 tobacco straw, 103 sugarcane bagasse, 104 etc. These plants exhibit a high abundance of glucose and cellulose, which results in an ample presence of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) elements in the surface composition of CDs.…”

3D hierarchical tri-doped porous carbon derived from calcium lignosulfonate for high-performance zinc ion hybrid capacitors

“…It indicates its low graphitization ratio and amorphous properties. [31][32][33] At the carbonization temperature of 900 1C, the alumina peak in the sample is observed as a result of the interaction between the sample and the corundum boat after sintering. To investigate the degree of graphitization of the LHPCs, Raman spectroscopy was performed, and I D /I G was utilized to examine the internal structure of the amorphous carbon materials.…”

Phyllanthus emblica Seed-Derived Hierarchically Porous Carbon Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitor Applications

“…Owing to the exceptionally high specific-surface-area, large porosity, well-defined pore-size distributions, interconnected mesopores, high electrical-conductivity and electrochemical stability, hierarchically micro- and mesopore architectures, and low cost, the nanoporous activated-carbons have received much interest as the efficient electrode in the high-performance supercapacitor, which is a leading electrochemical-energy-storage system [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. In supercapacitors, also known as electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), charges are stored by means of electrical double-layers at the surface of electrode material governed by the electrolyte-ion diffusion from the electrolyte solution to the electrode surface.…”

“…The obtained carbon exhibited a honeycomb-like structure with interconnected hierarchical pores with a high surface area (1694 m 2 g −1 ), and the prepared supercapacitor electrode achieved 238 F g −1 , specific capacitance at 0.5 A g −1 . Very recently, Zhang and coworkers [ 1 , 3 ] have successfully converted tobacco waste into porous carbon materials that exhibit high surface area by one-step carbonization-activation and ball milling, using the nano ZnO as template and activator [ 1 ], and similarly using hydrothermal pre-carbonization and KOH activation [ 3 ]. Carbon materials obtained from both methods achieved 220 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 (former) and 356 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 (later).…”

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: , Figure S1: FTIR spectra of the carbonized samples; Figure S2: supplementary SEM image of AmP-900; Figure S3: extra SEM image of AmC-K700; Figure S4: supplementary SEM image of AmC-K800; Figure S5: supplementary SEM image of AmC-K900; Figure S6: supplementary SEM image of AmC-K1000; Figure S7: GCD curves of AmC_K700; Figure S8: Capacitance retention performance of AmC_K700, AmC_K800, AmC_K900, and AmC_K1000; Table S1: Comparison of the specific capacitance of Amala seed carbon with more activated carbons prepared from other biomasses [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 41 , 43 , 47 , 51 , 53 , 65 , 69 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 ].…”