Biomass-Tar-Enabled Nitrogen-Doped Highly Ultramicroporous Carbon as an Efficient Absorbent for CO₂ Capture

Abstract

As a notorious hazardous waste, biomass tar has for a long time been recognized as one of the key challenges throughout the progress in biomass gasification for renewable energy and chemical purposes. In this contribution, we report that biomass tar featured with considerably high carbon and nitrogen contents could serve as an ideal source for production of nitrogen-doped highly ultramicroporous carbon following the facile activation approach, which enabled a remarkably high ultramicroporosity based on a direct bottom-up strategy. Further, the disclosed evenly distributed active sites by nitrogen-doped ultramicropores displayed excellent CO2 absorption capacity as high as 6.02 and 4.11 mmol/g (1 bar) at 273 and 298 K, respectively, in addition to the corresponding ideal adsorption solvent theory selectivity of 30 and 24, which are all among the highest level of solid CO2 absorbents developed thus far. This work may inspire new sparks on rational disposal of tar-like byproducts from pyrolysis of organic solid waste and also encourage future utilization of them for advanced materials for innovative environmental applications, including CO2 capture and storage and gaseous pollution control, among others.

Synergistic Effect of Nitrogen Doping and Ultra-Microporosity on the Performance of Biomass and Microalgae-Derived Activated Carbons for CO2 Capture

“…The obtained C and N contents of the samples are also among the highest values reported in the literature. 1,2,10,29 On the contrary, the oxygen content has decreased during the HTC process due to the decomposition of the oxygenic groups upon heating, resulting in the formation of porous structures (Figure S2, Table S1; Supporting Information). However, the oxygen content of products is in the ideal range for the production CO 2 and H 2 O during physical and chemical activation procedures.…”

“…Carbon emissions predominantly in the form of CO 2 are a major contributor to the greenhouse effect and climate change. Consequently, it has been a significant burden on the environment and human health on a global scale .…”

Evaluation of adsorptive desulfurization performance and economic applicability comparison of activated carbons prepared from various carbon sources

“…According to the IUPAC classication, the adsorption isotherms of PUPW-ACA and CS-ACA are Type I, while the adsorption isotherms of PC-ACA and AT-AC are Type IV. 27,[38][39][40][41] It was shown that micropore dominated in the PUPW-ACA and CS-ACA, while mesopore dominated in the PC-ACA and AT-AC, as supported by the microporosity in Table 1. AT and PC have high crystallinity, high degree of ordering, compact structure, and partial graphitization.…”

Functional Biochar Synergistic Solid/Liquid-Phase CO2 Capture: A Review

“…The physical and chemical properties of the biochar surface directly affect the adsorption process of CO 2 molecules. The presence of heteroatoms (S, P, O, N, and halogen) is closely related to the chemical properties of the material surface. , These heteroatoms can not only exist in the precursor but also on the surface of the adsorbent and even be introduced in a series of ways during the reactivation process . The delocalized electrons of the carbon material matrix will interact with the functional groups brought by the heteroatoms, which will cause the chemical properties of the adsorbent surface to be changed (pH, adsorption, stability, etc.).…”

“…The atomic sizes of N and C atoms are almost the same because these atoms are easily assembled in a crystal lattice and replaced with each other, which makes multiple types of a simple structure. , The N doping of biochar is generally replaced by N atoms and part of C atoms to form N-containing functional groups (such as amine, nitro, nitroso, pyrrole, pyridine, etc.). At relatively low temperatures, pyridyl groups are preferentially formed on the carbon surface, and in the scope of 500–800 °C, pyrrole/pyridine nitrogen can be converted to pyridine nitrogen .…”