Biomass waste utilisation in low-carbon products: harnessing a major potential resource

Tripathi, Nimisha; Hills, Colin D.; Singh, R. B.; Atkinson, Carol

doi:10.1038/s41612-019-0093-5

Cited by 378 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Greater than 2 Gt of unused crop residues are dumped in municipal landfills or burned by households in developing countries 32 . These activities contribute to 18% of total global CO 2 emissions 33 – 36 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorisation of agricultural biomass-ash with CO2

Hills

Tripathi

Singh

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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This work is part of a study of different types of plant-based biomass to elucidate their capacity for valorisation via a managed carbonation step involving gaseous carbon dioxide (co 2). the perspectives for broader biomass waste valorisation was reviewed, followed by a proposed closed-loop process for the valorisation of wood in earlier works. the present work newly focusses on combining agricultural biomass with mineralised co 2. Here, the reactivity of selected agricultural biomass ashes with co 2 and their ability to be bound by mineralised carbonate in a hardened product is examined. three categories of agricultural biomass residues, including shell, fibre and soft peel, were incinerated at 900 ± 25 °C. The biomass ashes were moistened (10% w/w) and moulded into cylindrical samples and exposed to 100% CO 2 gas at 50% RH for 24 h, during which they cemented into hardened monolithic products. the calcia in ashes formed a negative relationship with ash yield and the microstructure of the carbonate-cementing phase was distinct and related to the particular biomass feedstock. this work shows that in common with woody biomass residues, carbonated agricultural biomass ash-based monoliths have potential as novel low-carbon construction products. This paper discusses environmental issues that are of relevance to the sustainable use of resources and protection of the environment. By re-using abundantly available agricultural biomass residues, and by reducing the amount of cement used in construction and their associated carbon emissions, significant potential sustainability gains can be realised. In consideration of this, a low carbon management option for biomass residues is proposed. Agricultural activities generate huge volumes of biomass residues, with crop derived waste accounting for 94% of global biomass production 1. These include cereals (wheat, rice, maize, and barley), sugarcane, soybean, and some oil crops, fruits, vegetables, roots and tubers, and sugar beet 1. These residues are expected to increase as the world's population exceeds 11 Billion by 2,100 2. It is estimated that globally 140 Gt of agricultural residues are generated each year 3,4. According to Lal (2019) 5 , the total annual amount of crop residue produced globally is estimated at 2.8 Gt for cereal crops, 3.1 Gt for 17 major cereals and legumes, and 3.8 Gt for 27 common food crops. The IEA CCC (2015) 6 reports the global resource for unexploited cereal crop residues amounts to 517 Mt. The FAO (2002) 7 projects that from 1999 to 2030, the agricultural sector of developing countries will increase by 13% or 120 M ha. Predictions for global cereal yield suggest an increase in the range 0.9% per annum over the period 2005/2007-2050, continuing a trend of long-term declining yield growth (20 y average yield increase declined from ~ 3% pa in 1982, to ~ 1% by 2005) 8,9. The intensification of agricultural and increased crop yield (producing more per unit of land) will undoubtedly raise crop residue production 10. A positive correlation exists betw...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this estimation of biomass residues generated or their potential for alternative uses is approximate 41 . As such, the global availability of crop residues has been re-examined by Tripathi et al (2019) 36 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorisation of agricultural biomass-ash with CO2

Hills

Tripathi

Singh

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…being production loss [6]. Wastes from the olive oil industry are up to 30 Mt every year, and coffee industry produces 7.4 Mt of spent coffee grounds, coffee pulp, cherry hush [17], causing severe disposal problems and low efficiency of utilization.…”

Section: Agricultural and Forestry Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in the conversion of biomass wastes into functional materials for value-added applications

Zhou

Wang

2020

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

123

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The amount of biomass wastes is rapidly increasing, which leads to numerous disposal problems and governance issues. Thus, the recycling and reuse of biomass wastes into value-added applications have attracted more and more attention. This paper reviews the research on biomass waste utilization and biomass wastes derived functional materials in last five years. The recent research interests mainly focus on the following three aspects: (1) extraction of natural polymers from biomass wastes, (2) reuse of biomass wastes, and (3) preparation of carbon-based materials as novel adsorbents, catalyst carriers, electrode materials, and functional composites. Various biomass wastes have been collected from agricultural and forestry wastes, animal wastes, industrial wastes and municipal solid wastes as raw materials with low cost; however, future studies are required to evaluate the quality and safety of biomass wastes derived products and develop highly feasible and cost-effective methods for the conversion of biomass wastes to enable the industrial scale production.

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“…China is one of the largest agricultural countries. In 2009, the amount of agricultural residue in China was 716 Mt (million tons), most of which was from rice straw [1]. In addition, Wang et al [2] stated that in 2008-2009, China's annual production of crop residues was 750.3 Mt, including about 88% field residues and 12% process residues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Assessment of Three Modes of Large-Scale Crop Residue Utilization Projects in China

Meng

Alengebawy

et al. 2020

Energies

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In China, the non-exploitation of bioenergy poses major problems and challenges. To solve bioenergy problems, considerable efforts have been made to expedite the construction of large-scale crop residue utilization projects. In this study, three principal supported modes of large-scale crop residue utilization projects were taken as empirical cases in Hubei province bioenergy planning. In terms of the overall benefit and sustainable development, a third-grade evaluation index system was established. The analysis was carried out using the analytical hierarchy process, principal component projection, and grey relational analysis. The conclusion indicates that according to the evaluation values, the sequence from best to worst was crop residue biogas project, crop residue briquette fuel project, and crop residue gasification project. Nevertheless, there was no remarkable difference in the overall evaluation values. The biogas project had certain advantages in terms of the production cost, soil improvement, and expenditure saving, whereas the gasification project was comparatively insufficient in environmental efficiency, product benefit, by-product disposal, and technical rationality. According to actual evaluation results, the unilateral determination approach of the single weight index can be seen as being overcome through the unified adaptation of the evaluation methods. The research results can serve as a reference for making investment decisions to build large-scale crop residue utilization projects.

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Biomass waste utilisation in low-carbon products: harnessing a major potential resource

Cited by 378 publications

References 48 publications

Valorisation of agricultural biomass-ash with CO2

Valorisation of agricultural biomass-ash with CO2

Recent progress in the conversion of biomass wastes into functional materials for value-added applications

Techno-Economic Assessment of Three Modes of Large-Scale Crop Residue Utilization Projects in China

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