Biomaterial-Based Nonvolatile Resistive Memory Devices toward Ecofriendliness and Biocompatibility

Abstract

Advancement in electronic industry has revolutionized the lifestyle of mankind at the cost of leaving adverse effects on the environment due to the use of toxic and nondegradable functional materials abundantly used in various electronic devices. The use of biomaterials in electronic devices with attractive properties is by far the best solution for protecting our environment from hazardous materials without compromising the growth of the electronic industry. Biomaterials are environmentally friendly and biocompatible with the added advantages of easy processing, transparency, flexibility, abundant resources, sustainability, recyclability, and simple extraction. This Review targets the characteristics, advancements, role, limitations, and prospects of using biomaterials as the functional layer of a resistive random-access memory (RRAM) device with a primary focus on the electronic properties of bio-RRAMs. Among the available memory devices, RRAMs have a huge potential to become the nonvolatile memory of the next generation owing to their simple structure, high scalability, and low power consumption. Applications of using biomaterial-based RRAMs have also been discussed including mimicking the human brain, fabricating wearable memory devices, and implanting bio-RRAMs. The motivation behind this work is to promote the use of biomaterials in electronic devices and attract researchers toward a green solution of hazardous problems associated with the electronic industry.

Transient WORM Memory Device Using Biocompatible Protamine Sulfate with Very High Data Retention and Stability

“…In recent years resistive memory using organics as well as biomolecules have been very promising and are expected to be a replacement for the existing Si-based memory devices . However, the long-term stability of such devices remains a serious concern to date. , In the present case in order to check the physical device stability, the I–V curves of the designed device have been recorded with the passage of time.…”

“…A huge study has been accelerating for the need for high performance memory behavior using a diverse range of molecules. Due to the biodegradability, resistive switching using biomolecules has attracted much attention. , This could be a sustainable solution for data storage devices. Resistive switching in proteins, carbohydrates, starch, biopolymers, cellulose, enzyme, pectin, glucose, and even leaves have been studied by different research groups across the globe.…”

Contact Engineering Approach to Improve the Linearity of Multilevel Memristive Devices

“…It was demonstrated, that in-memory computing allows increasing application performance of machine learning algorithms in neuromorphic computing due to efficient implementation of fundamental operations of any typical neural network such as matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) [4,5]. For the moment, it is difficult to say which is the best memory type for in-and near-memory computing, but one of the most promising next-generation memory for neuromorphic computing is considered to be ReRAM [6,7]. Its integration into crossbar arrays offers highly-parallel and efficient hardware realization of MVM operations [8,9].…”

Crafting a Next-Generation Device Using Iron Oxide Thin Film: A Review

“…This is including proteins such as polysaccharides, carotene, DNA hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, nucleobases, silk, nucleic bases, etc. It was found that due to their effective electrical properties that can be used as a functional layer for electronic devices, protein is one of the desirable biomaterials which is possible to be integrated into, namely, bio-RRAM . However, no exact report of iron oxides was utilized for bio-RRAM.…”

“…However, no exact report of iron oxides was utilized for bio-RRAM. Instead, some research groups used Fe ions mixed in gelatin deposited onto a flexible paper as the substrate which then could be integrated into bio-RRAM . Some biomaterial called ferritin having a spherical shape shell with Fe ions embedded in the mineral as a core could be integrated with Pt in the Pt/ferritin/Pt configuration.…”