Biomechanical alterations in lower limb lymphedema: Implications for walking ability and rehabilitation

Abstract

Background Lymphedema is a chronic progressive disease that results in interstitial edema in the limbs, and to a lesser extent in the genitals and face, due to damage to the lymphatic system. Methods Research was conducted between July 2022 and September 2022 in biomedical databases: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library), and PEDro. Results Two studies showed that lymphedema alters gait parameters by affecting mainly kinematic parameters, although kinetic parameters were found to be significantly altered, especially in patients with severe lymphedema. In other studies, using methods such as videos and questionnaires, difficulties in walking were found in the presence of lymphedema. The most common abnormality was antalgic gait. Conclusions Poor mobility can worsen the edema, which, in turn, can compromise joint range of motion. Gait analysis is an essential tool to evaluate and follow.

“Transcranial direct current stimulation for chronic foot pain: A comprehensive review”

“…Furthermore, the improvement in foot function, as measured by the Foot Function Index (FFI), suggests that tDCS may have a positive impact on functional outcomes related to plantar fasciitis. This finding is particularly important as foot pain can significantly impair mobility [ [34] , [35] , [36] ] and quality of life in affected individuals. By enhancing foot function, tDCS may contribute to better overall physical functioning and increased engagement in daily activities.…”

The rehabilitation efficacy of diaphragmatic breathing combined with limb coordination training for lower limb lymphedema following gynecologic cancer surgery

“…Moreover, postoperative factors such as obesity, insufficient physical activity, and unhealthy habits can impede lower limb lymphatic circulation, resulting in swelling, discomfort, and sensory disturbances in the lower extremities ( Yildiz Kabak et al, 2021 ; Sudduth and Greene, 2022 ; Faerber, 2023 ). Severe cases may lead to complications such as cellulitis, acute infections, and can trigger anxiety, and depression, significantly impacying patients’ quality of life and occupational functioning ( Dessources et al, 2020 ; Tedeschi, 2023 ).…”