Biomechanical and osteointegration study of 3D-printed porous PEEK hydroxyapatite-coated scaffolds

Wu, Chao; Zeng, Baifang; Shen, Danwei; Deng, Jiayan; Zhong, Liang; Hu, Haigang; Wang, Xiangyu; Li, Hong; Xu, Lian; Deng, Yi

doi:10.1080/09205063.2022.2124352

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The microporous composite scaffold formed by coating FDM printed PEEK with calcium hydroxyapatite (cHAP) Ca 10 (OH) (PO 4 ) 3 induced apatite formation after immersion in the simulated body fluid with superior osseointegration and biological activity than bare PEEK in vitro ( Figure 6E ) ( Oladapo et al, 2020 ). It is recognized that the permeable surface can enhance the ingrowth of bone tissue and the stability of implants in vivo , especially advantageous for the long-term durability of bone implants, as evidenced by the study that the porous PEEK scaffolds created through FDM printing promoted osteointegration at the femoral condyle of rabbits more effectively than the solid group, the process of which was further enhanced by applying a HAP coating to the scaffolds ( Wu et al, 2023 ). The combination of a 3D printed interconnected porous PEEK scaffold and a methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA)-HAP hydrogel coating, forming a hybrid bone substitute, enhanced the attachment and growth of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and facilitated osteogenic differentiation and ECM mineralization in vitro , showing great promise for future clinical use ( Figure 6F ) ( Ferroni et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Improved 3d Printed Peek For Bone Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress of 3D printed poly (ether ether ketone) in the reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial bone defects

Su,

Qiao,

Xiao

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The clinical challenge of bone defects in the craniomaxillofacial region, which can lead to significant physiological dysfunction and psychological distress, persists due to the complex and unique anatomy of craniomaxillofacial bones. These critical-sized defects require the use of bone grafts or substitutes for effective reconstruction. However, current biomaterials and methods have specific limitations in meeting the clinical demands for structural reinforcement, mechanical support, exceptional biological performance, and aesthetically pleasing reconstruction of the facial structure. These drawbacks have led to a growing need for novel materials and technologies. The growing development of 3D printing can offer significant advantages to address these issues, as demonstrated by the fabrication of patient-specific bioactive constructs with controlled structural design for complex bone defects in medical applications using this technology. Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK), among a number of materials used, is gaining recognition as a feasible substitute for a customized structure that closely resembles natural bone. It has proven to be an excellent, conformable, and 3D-printable material with the potential to replace traditional autografts and titanium implants. However, its biological inertness poses certain limitations. Therefore, this review summarizes the distinctive features of craniomaxillofacial bones and current methods for bone reconstruction, and then focuses on the increasingly applied 3D printed PEEK constructs in this field and an update on the advanced modifications for improved mechanical properties, biological performance, and antibacterial capacity. Exploring the potential of 3D printed PEEK is expected to lead to more cost-effective, biocompatible, and personalized treatment of craniomaxillofacial bone defects in clinical applications.

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Section: Improved 3d Printed Peek For Bone Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress of 3D printed poly (ether ether ketone) in the reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial bone defects

Su,

Qiao,

Xiao

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…However, this can be advantageous for the surface modification of implants, as it offers the possibility to control the roughness of the material surface by adjusting the processing time [16]. The most important surface modifications of PEEK are coatings based on hydroxyapatite [17][18][19][20][21] and titanium [19,[22][23][24], which are known for their osteoconductive properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of the Surface Properties of Polyether Ether Ketone via Arc Evaporation for Biomedical Applications

et al. 2023

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Polyether ether ketone is a bioinert polymer, that is of high interest in research and medicine as an alternative material for the replacement of bone implants made of metal. The biggest deficit of this polymer is its hydrophobic surface, which is rather unfavorable for cell adhesion and thus leads to slow osseointegration. In order to address this drawback, 3D-printed and polymer extruded polyether ether ketone disc samples that were surface-modified with titanium thin films of four different thicknesses via arc evaporation were investigated and compared with non-modified disc samples. Depending on the modification time, the thickness of the coatings ranged from 40 nm to 450 nm. The 3D-printing process does not affect the surface or bulk properties of polyether ether ketone. It turned out that the chemical composition of the coatings obtained did not depend on the type of substrate. Titanium coatings contain titanium oxide and have an amorphous structure. Microdroplets formed on the sample surfaces during treatment with an arc evaporator contain a rutile phase in their composition. Surface modification of the samples via arc evaporation resulted in an increase in the arithmetic mean roughness from 20 nm to 40 nm for the extruded samples and from 40 nm to 100 nm for the 3D-printed samples, with the mean height difference increasing from 100 nm to 250 nm and from 140 nm to 450 nm. Despite the fact that the hardness and reduced elastic modulus of the unmodified 3D-printed samples (0.33 GPa and 5.80 GPa) are higher than those of the unmodified extruded samples (0.22 GPa and 3.40 GPa), the surface properties of the samples after modification are approximately the same. The water contact angles of the polyether ether ketone sample surfaces decrease from 70° to 10° for the extruded samples and from 80° to 6° for the 3D-printed samples as the thickness of the titanium coating increases, making this type of coating promising for biomedical applications.

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Surface chemistry on PEEK surfaces: From enhanced biofunctionality to improved surface modifiability

Qiu,

Bennani,

Cooper

et al. 2024

Applied Materials Today

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Biomechanical and osteointegration study of 3D-printed porous PEEK hydroxyapatite-coated scaffolds

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Research progress of 3D printed poly (ether ether ketone) in the reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial bone defects

Research progress of 3D printed poly (ether ether ketone) in the reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial bone defects

Improvement of the Surface Properties of Polyether Ether Ketone via Arc Evaporation for Biomedical Applications

Surface chemistry on PEEK surfaces: From enhanced biofunctionality to improved surface modifiability

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