Biomechanical and physical determinants of bowling speed in cricket: a novel approach to systematic review and meta-analysis of correlational data

Ramachandran, Akhilesh Kumar; Singh, Utkarsh; Connor, Jonathan D.; Doma, Kenji

doi:10.1080/14763141.2020.1858152

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Other studies have reported similar attenuations in sprint performance during periods of EIMD [ 34 , 35 ]. Indeed, the run-up speed was considered essential to optimise ball speed and accuracy due to the combined transfer of momentum and summation of segmental velocities through the kinetic chain of the bowling action [ 26 , 36 ]. Interestingly, impaired bowling speed and accuracy was reported previously with a reduction in run-up speeds during hot and humid conditions [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the bowling speed measures, the average and peak run-up completion times were calculated as the average and best of the six bowls for the first (Run avgT -Ov1 and Run peakT -Ov1, respectively), second (Run avgT -Ov2 and Run peakT -Ov2, respectively) and third (Run avgT -Ov3 and Run peakT -Ov3, respectively) overs. The run-up speed was recorded, given that a faster run-up speed results in a faster ball speed [ 26 ]. The Borg’s 6–20 rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was measured following each bowling delivery, which was then averaged for first (RPE-Ov1), second (RPE-Ov2) and third (RPE-Ov3) over and averaged across the three overs (RPE-Avg).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage on Bowling-Specific Motor Skills in Male Adolescent Cricketers

Doma

Leicht

Woods

et al. 2021

Sports

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The current study examined the acute effects of a bout of resistance training on cricket bowling-specific motor performance. Eight sub-elite, resistance-untrained, adolescent male fast bowlers (age 15 ± 1.7 years; height 1.8 ± 0.1 m; weight 67.9 ± 7.9 kg) completed a bout of upper and lower body resistance exercises. Indirect markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase [CK] and delayed onset of muscle soreness [DOMS]), anaerobic performance (15-m sprint and vertical jump), and cricket-specific motor performance (ball speed, run-up time, and accuracy) were measured prior to and 24 (T24) and 48 (T48) hours following the resistance training bout. The resistance training bout significantly increased CK (~350%; effect size [ES] = 1.89–2.24), DOMS (~240%; ES = 1.46–3.77) and 15-m sprint times (~4.0%; ES = 1.33–1.47), whilst significantly reducing vertical jump height (~7.0%; ES = 0.76–0.96) for up to 48 h. The ball speed (~3.0%; ES = 0.50–0.61) and bowling accuracy (~79%; ES = 0.39–0.70) were significantly reduced, whilst run-up time was significantly increased (~3.5%; ES = 0.36–0.50) for up to 24 h. These findings demonstrate that a bout of resistance training evokes exercise-induced muscle damage amongst sub-elite, adolescent male cricketers, which impairs anaerobic performance and bowling-specific motor performance measures. Cricket coaches should be cautious of incorporating bowling sessions within 24-h following a bout of resistance training for sub-elite adolescent fast bowlers, particularly for those commencing a resistance training program.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage on Bowling-Specific Motor Skills in Male Adolescent Cricketers

Doma

Leicht

Woods

et al. 2021

Sports

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“…As reported in a previous review, the articles were classified as satisfying the inclusion criteria (yes), doubtful (maybe) or not satisfying the inclusion criteria (no). 2 The articles that met the "yes" or "maybe" criteria were further screened for abstract followed by full-text reviews. All disagreements were discussed with the third author (TL) in a consensus meeting and then a final decision was made.…”

Section: Selection Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The game is a contest between the batter and the bowler, with the batter aiming to score as many runs as possible while the bowler aims to restrict the number of runs and take wickets. 2 The duration and intensity of the matches make it a very physically demanding sport. 3 Further, the current body of literature indicates that fast bowlers are required to perform at the highest intensity (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength and conditioning practices for the optimisation of speed and accuracy in cricket fast bowlers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ramachandran

Singh

Lathlean

2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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The most important determinants of a cricket fast bowler's performance are bowling speed and accuracy. Even though various strength and conditioning practices (resistance, plyometric and modified-implement training) have been employed to improve these parameters, there is still ambiguity as to the effectiveness of such training programmes. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the influence of various training interventions on fast bowling speed and accuracy. Searches were conducted across PubMed, Web of science, SPORTDiscus, Scopus and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were studies that: were original research or conference presentations; recruited fast bowlers as participants; involved a physical training intervention; written in English; and included bowling speed or accuracy as outcome measures. Ten articles met our inclusion criteria for qualitative and eight for quantitative analysis. The quality of the studies assessed using Downs and Black checklist ranged from low to moderate with a mean ± SD of 64.5 ± 8.14%. There was a moderate and significant effect of plyometric training intervention on bowling speed (SMD = 0.75; Z = 2.98; p = 0.003). Further, a small and non-significant effect of resistance training on bowling speed was observed in our study (SMD = 0.40; Z = 1.39; p = 0.164). A small but non-significant difference was found in the ball speed post modified ball weight training intervention (SMD = 0.30; Z = 1.14; p = 0.252). The findings from our study are useful for strength and conditioning coaches in helping to design and implement fast-bowling specific training programmes for improved bowling speed.

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“…Cricket is a multidimensional sport involving a variety of complex motor skills (i.e., interceptive, striking, far aiming tasks) [1]. Bowling is an example of a far aiming task and is influenced by changes in technical, physical, or morphological characteristics of the individual [2]. Bowlers can manipulate variables such as ball trajectory and delivery length, although, a key aspect of bowling is ball speed, particularly for pace bowlers [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated Bout Effect of Two Resistance Training Bouts on Bowling-Specific Performance in Male Cricketers

Harrison

Doma

Leicht

et al. 2022

Sports

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To examine the repeated bout effect (RBE) following two identical resistance bouts and its effect on bowling-specific performance in male cricketers. Male cricket pace bowlers (N = 10), who had not undertaken resistance exercises in the past six months, were invited to complete a familiarisation and resistance maximum testing, before participating in the study protocol. The study protocol involved the collection of muscle damage markers, a battery of anaerobic (jump and sprint), and a bowling-specific performance test at baseline, followed by a resistance training bout, and a retest of physical and bowling-specific performance at 24 h (T24) and 48 h (T48) post-training. The study protocol was repeated 7–10 days thereafter. Indirect markers of muscle damage were lower (creatine kinase: 318.7 ± 164.3 U·L−1; muscle soreness: 3 ± 1), whilst drop jump was improved (~47.5 ± 8.1 cm) following the second resistance training bout when compared to the first resistance training bout (creatine kinase: 550.9 ± 242.3 U·L−1; muscle soreness: 4 ± 2; drop jump: ~43.0 ± 9.7 cm). However, sport-specific performance via bowling speed declined (Bout 1: −2.55 ± 3.43%; Bout 2: 2.67 ± 2.41%) whilst run-up time increased (2.34 ± 3.61%; Bout 2: 3.84 ± 4.06%) after each bout of resistance training. Findings suggest that while an initial resistance training bout reduced muscle damage indicators and improved drop jump performance following a second resistance training bout, this RBE trend was not observed for bowling-specific performance. It was suggested that pace bowlers with limited exposure to resistance training should minimise bowling-specific practice for 1–2 days following the initial bouts of their resistance training program.

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Biomechanical and physical determinants of bowling speed in cricket: a novel approach to systematic review and meta-analysis of correlational data

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage on Bowling-Specific Motor Skills in Male Adolescent Cricketers

Effect of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage on Bowling-Specific Motor Skills in Male Adolescent Cricketers

Strength and conditioning practices for the optimisation of speed and accuracy in cricket fast bowlers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Repeated Bout Effect of Two Resistance Training Bouts on Bowling-Specific Performance in Male Cricketers

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