Biomechanical Behaviour of the Total Hip Prosthesis Subjected to Normal Gait Cycle Load: Identification of the Damage in the Cement Mantle

Abstract

Cement is the weakest link in the composition of total hip prosthesis in terms of mechanical properties. The knowledge of the intensity and distribution of stresses on the cement attaching the implant to the bone is of great importance for understanding the condition of the prosthesis and its failure. In this study, the finite element method is used to analyze the magnitude and the equivalent Von Mises stress distribution induced in different components of the total hip prosthesis (THP) as well as the identification of the damage induced in the cement and between two cavities located in the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The crack propagation is determined and localized using the extended element method (XFEM). The results show that the fracture stress of the cement in its proximal part is very important. These stresses increase considerably with the interaction of the cavities in this binder, causing damage to the cement and the loosening of the prosthesis.

Comparative study by the finite element method of three activities of a wearer of total hip prosthesis during the postoperative period

“…Estimation of crack propagation paths was made for all initial cracks. It has been studied to understand and observe the damage phenomenon in the weakest element of THP and because of the experimentally observed interaction of defects (Zagane et al 2020). The variation of the stress intensity factor in modes I, II and III is examined.…”