Biomechanical Effects of Trees on Soil and Regolith: Beyond Treethrow

Phillips, Jonathan D.; Marion, Daniel

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.2006.00476.x

Cited by 75 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, biomechanical effects have increasingly been found to be of comparable importance (e.g., Johnson, 1993Johnson, , 2002Balek, 2002;Gabet et al, 2003;Phillips and Marion, 2006).…”

Section: Biomantlesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(3) Soil is mounded beneath shortleaf pines, while little or no mounding occurs around hardwoods. This influences both the style of soil and rock fragment displacement, and the mode of infilling of stump holes (Phillips and Marion, 2006). (4) Shortleaf pine is faster-growing and has a shorter lifespan than the common hardwoods in the area.…”

Section: Pines Vs Hardwoodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soils as extended composite phenotypes

Phillips

2009

Geoderma

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“…However, biomechanical effects have increasingly been found to be of comparable importance (e.g., Johnson, 1993Johnson, , 2002Balek, 2002;Gabet et al, 2003;Phillips and Marion, 2006).…”

Section: Biomantlesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Pines Vs Hardwoodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soils as extended composite phenotypes

Phillips

2009

Geoderma

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“…In the direction trees → soil environment, a surprisingly strong and spatially non-random impact of selected biomechanical and biochemical effects of trees on soil morphology and chemistry has been observed (e.g. Phillips and Marion, 2006;Šamonil et al, 2008a, b, 2010a; biogenous creep could even have at least the same importance as inorganic creep in the soil and regolith flux on slopes (see Caine, 1986;Pawlik et al, 2013). shows the border between the (probably) historically anthropogenically affected (32 ha) and unaffected (42 ha) zones; the grey solid lines represent contour lines; the black solid lines represent streams; grey areas show places significantly affected by water (semihydromorphic and hydromorphic soils).…”

Section: P šAmonil Et Al: Disturbances Can Control Fine-scale Pedodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbances can control fine-scale pedodiversity in old-growth forests: is the soil evolution theory disturbed as well?

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Biota–soil interactions in natural ecosystems are the subject of considerable research. Our hypothesis is that individual trees play a significant role through biomechanical and biochemical disturbances affecting soil formation in temperate forests, resulting in a complex spatial pattern of disturbance regimes and a close relationship between disturbance histories and soil units. In Žofínský Prales (Czech Republic) – the fourth oldest, continuously protected reserve in Europe and the first site of global research network SIGEO (Smithsonian Institution Global Earth Observatories) in continental Europe – we compared extensive dendrochronological, soil and pit–mound microtopography data both temporally and spatially from an area of anthropogenically unaffected 42 ha collected from 2008–2012. These data sets differ in terms of information complexity and length of memory: tree cores contain complex information about the disturbance history of the past 350 years, footprints of disturbances from the uprooting of a specific tree can persist 1700 years, and soils represent an extensive composite phenotype that has been developing for at least the entire postglacial period (10 500 years). On average, 6.18–13.41% of the canopy on individual soil units was disturbed per decade. Even though the "backbone" of key events in the development of the forest ecosystem remained the same (e.g. the 1870s, 1880s and 1980s), the internal structure of disturbance history often differed among soil units; the most exceptional were Gleysols and Histosols, where important feedback from soil to trees was expected. However, the characteristics of treethrow dynamics as well as the frequencies of stronger releases in core series also significantly differed along a gradient of terrestrial soil weathering and leaching (Haplic Cambisols – Dystric Cambisols – Entic Podzols – Albic Podzols). These results suggest the existence of several disturbance regimes within the forest, controlling fine-scale pedodiversity.

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“…The tree damage in turn has pedological and geomorphological impacts due to the bioturbation and topographic modifications associated with uprooting and infilling of stumpholes. Studies of biomechanical effects of trees on soil and geomorphology have focused almost exclusively on uprooting, though mass displacement by tree growth and infilling of pits created by decay or burning of dead trees and stumps are also significant (Phillips and Marion, 2006). The latter is certainly relevant to tornado-damaged forests.…”

Section: Turnover Timementioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, in shallow soils this relative advantage is negated. In the present study area all common trees have a taproot-style root architecture, and rooting depth of all trees tends to be limited by soil thickness (Phillips and Marion, 2006).…”

Section: Conifers Vs Hardwoodsmentioning

confidence: 99%