“…The existing studies on maxillary fixation focused on its stability for Lefort I maxillary advancement [ 32 , 33 ] and little has been conducted on maxillary setback, while the postoperative stability after maxillary setback is more difficult to obtain due to insufficient bone contact between the posterior maxilla segment and the pterygoid plates and inappropriate grafting [ 34 ]. As Asians generally have a protrusive maxilla facial type [ 35 ], patient with skeletal class II deformity was selected in this study and setback was included in the surgical procedure.…”