Biomechanical factors affecting individuals with lower limb amputations running using running-specific prostheses: A systematic review

Hadj-Moussa, Firdous; Ngan, Calvin C.; Andrysek, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.10.044

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Tendons compress with each hop and bound, releasing like a coiled spring and propelling the kangaroo into the air. Same Principle has been utilized in designing the prosthesis design that ails in generating maximum thrust with minimum effort [14,15].…”

Section: Design Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Composite blades for lower extremity amputees

Srinivasan¹,

Govarthan²,

Prakash³

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The running blades used by the amputees are an advanced type of prosthesis or prosthetic limb that are used as a replacement for a natural leg. The Principle behind the running blades is that it stores kinetic energy from the user’s footsteps as potential energy, like a spring, allowing the user to run and leap. The major prevailing deficiencies of existing prosthesis are excess weight, lack of Indian manufacturers, high cost quoted by foreign manufacturers, lack of awareness of this technology among the local population. The major purpose of the project is to design and develop an affordable composite blade with unique design, which enables normal walking and running easier for the amputees. The methodology of the project includes selection of suitable composite from glass, carbon and hybrid fibers for blade fabrication through material testing, to evaluate the design using finite element analysis (FEA), to fabricate the actual blades and to analyze the walking pattern of the user’s through gait analysis. Gait analysis results show that with blades the participant is able to follow normal gait pattern of initial contact, mid-stance and toe-off as the blade supports normal knee and ankle biomechanics.

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Section: Design Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Composite blades for lower extremity amputees

Srinivasan¹,

Govarthan²,

Prakash³

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The presence of medium, high, low, or completely collapsed arches disrupts the distribution of body weight across the foot, impairing shock absorption and causing constrained foot stretching and tension 9 . Feet can be classified into three general categories based on how they absorb the shock and propel the body forward 10 . Low or collapsed arches are often related to overpronation, while high arches are often associated with excessive supination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing Different Foot Deformities Using FSR Sensors by Static Classification of Neural Networks

Darwich,

Ismaiel,

Al-kayal

et al. 2023

Baghdad Sci.J

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Sensing insole systems are a promising technology for various applications in healthcare and sports. They can provide valuable information about the foot pressure distribution and gait patterns of different individuals. However, designing and implementing such systems poses several challenges, such as sensor selection, calibration, data processing, and interpretation. This paper proposes a sensing insole system that uses force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) to measure the pressure exerted by the foot on different regions of the insole. This system classifies four types of foot deformities: normal, flat, over-pronation, and excessive supination. The classification stage uses the differential values of pressure points as input for a feedforward neural network (FNN) model. Data acquisition involved 60 subjects diagnosed with the studied cases. The implementation of FNN achieved an accuracy of 96.6% using 50% of the dataset as training data and 92.8% using only 30% training data. The comparison with related work shows good impact of using the differential values of pressure points as input for neural networks compared with raw data.

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“…Considering the spring-like leg features in UTFAs wearing passive RSPs, the underlying mechanism of prosthetic running could be described by the mechanical energy fluctuations and the external mechanical work of the COM. However, as reviewed by Hadj-Moussa et al (2022) , no study investigated the external mechanical work during running in UTFAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External Mechanical Work in Runners With Unilateral Transfemoral Amputation

Murata

Hisano

Ichimura

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Carbon-fiber running-specific prostheses have enabled individuals with lower extremity amputation to run by providing a spring-like leg function in their affected limb. When individuals without amputation run at a constant speed on level ground, the net external mechanical work is zero at each step to maintain a symmetrical bouncing gait. Although the spring-like “bouncing step” using running-specific prostheses is considered a prerequisite for running, little is known about the underlying mechanisms for unilateral transfemoral amputees. The aim of this study was to investigate external mechanical work at different running speeds for unilateral transfemoral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses. Eight unilateral transfemoral amputees ran on a force-instrumented treadmill at a range of speeds (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80% of the average speed of their 100-m personal records). We calculated the mechanical energy of the body center of mass (COM) by conducting a time-integration of the ground reaction forces in the sagittal plane. Then, the net external mechanical work was calculated as the difference between the mechanical energy at the initial and end of the stance phase. We found that the net external work in the affected limb tended to be greater than that in the unaffected limb across the six running speeds. Moreover, the net external work of the affected limb was found to be positive, while that of the unaffected limb was negative across the range of speeds. These results suggest that the COM of unilateral transfemoral amputees would be accelerated in the affected limb’s step and decelerated in the unaffected limb’s step at each bouncing step across different constant speeds. Therefore, unilateral transfemoral amputees with passive prostheses maintain their bouncing steps using a limb-specific strategy during running.

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Biomechanical factors affecting individuals with lower limb amputations running using running-specific prostheses: A systematic review

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Composite blades for lower extremity amputees

Composite blades for lower extremity amputees

Recognizing Different Foot Deformities Using FSR Sensors by Static Classification of Neural Networks

External Mechanical Work in Runners With Unilateral Transfemoral Amputation

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