Biomechanical, Neuro-muscular and Methodical Aspects of Running Speed Development

Čoh, Milan; Babić, Vesna; Maćkała, Krzysztof

doi:10.2478/v10078-010-0051-0

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…There is strong evidence that plyometrics training enhances the stretch-shortening cycle of muscle to improve elastic energy storage [28] and generate faster and more powerful movements [29]. ST is similar in this regard in that it can likewise activate the elastic properties of muscle fibers and connective tissue to also allow greater elastic energy storage that, after its release, can provide additional impetus during running [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon reaching the 20 m mark, the sprinter continued to sprint for exactly 20 m at their maximal velocity. This sprint modality had been previously applied in research and is considered sufficient to achieve maximal velocity [3,6,16,25,26]. Two trials were executed and separated by 2 min of rest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Past investigations have indicated a significant commonality between sprinting performance (across distances from 20 to 100 m) and explosive power [1,2,3,4,5]. As the largest inhibitor in the sprinting movement is gravity, sprinters must produce large vertical ground reaction force during step take-off to achieve maximal velocity [6]. This is achieved via application of plyometric training as it uses jump-based movements to train and improve explosive power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This form of training is based on short bouts of all-out sprints separated by rest periods from 90 s to 5–6 min to enhance post-exercise recovery and avoid fatigue, including central nervous system fatigue [8,9,10]. Similar in one regard to plyometrics, sprint-specific running also involves a rapid eccentric movement followed by a short amortization phase that is then followed by an explosive concentric movement [6]. This enables the synergistic muscles to engage the myotatic-stretch reflex during the stretch-shortening cycle [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Effects of a Speed Training Program on Sprinting Step Kinematics and Performance

Maćkała

Fostiak

Schweyen³

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of speed training on sprint step kinematics and performance in male sprinters. Two groups of seven elite (best 100-m time: 10.37 ± 0.04 s) and seven sub-elite (best 100-m time: 10.71 ± 0.15 s) sprinters were recruited. Sprint performance was assessed in the 20 m (flying start), 40 m (standing start), and 60 m (starting block start). Step kinematics were extracted from the first nine running steps of the 20-m sprint using the Opto-Jump–Microgate system. Explosive power was quantified by performing the CMJ, standing long jump, standing triple jump, and standing five jumps. Significant post-test improvements (p < 0.05) were observed in both groups of sprinters. Performance improved by 0.11 s (elite) and 0.06 s (sub-elite) in the 20-m flying start and by 0.06 s (elite) and 0.08 s (sub-elite) in the 60-m start block start. Strong post-test correlations were observed between 60-m block start performance and standing five jumps (SFJ) in the elite group and between 20-m flying start and 40-m standing start performance and standing long jump (SLJ) and standing triple jump (STJ) in the sub-elite group. Speed training (ST) shows potential in the reduction of step variability and as an effective short-term intervention program in the improvement of sprint performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Effects of a Speed Training Program on Sprinting Step Kinematics and Performance

Maćkała

Fostiak

Schweyen³

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Maximum sprinting speed is a result of an optimal relationship between the step rate and stride length ( Schiffer, 2009 ). Analysis of a 100-m sprint showed that the step rate reached its maximum value after 10 – 20 m ( Haneda et al, 2002 ), and it would remain constant throughout maximum sprinting speed ( Ito et al, 2006 ), eventually decreasing during the final stages of the 100-m dash ( Coh et al, 2010 ; Mero and Peltola, 1989 ). In contrast, the stride length reached highest values later between 50-80 m ( Graubner and Nixdorf, 2011 ; Ito et al, 2006 ) and increased at the last stage of the 100-m sprint ( Chatzilazaridis et al, 2012 ; Mero et al, 1992 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic Stride Characteristics of Maximal Sprint Running of Elite Sprinters – Verification of the “Swing-Pull Technique”

Mattes

Wolff

Alizadeh

2021

Journal of Human Kinetics

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Maximum sprinting speed constitutes an optimum relation between the stride length and the step rate in addition to an appropriate sprinting technique. The kinematics of the sprint step at maximum sprinting speed have already been examined in numerous studies, without reaching a consensus. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between maximum sprinting speed and the stride kinematics based on the “Swing-Pull Technique”. German elite sprinters (N = 26, body height = 182 ± 6 cm, leg length 93.8 ± 4.1 cm) were tested while performing a 30-meter flying sprint at maximum sprinting speed. The relationship between sprinting speed and kinematic variables was determined via Pearson correlation. Sprinting speed (10.1 – 11.3 m/s) correlated with stride length (r = 0.53), ground contact time (r = -0.53) and variables from the technique model: the knee angle at the end of the knee lift swing (r = 0.40), the maximum knee angle prior to backswing (r = 0.40), the hip extension angle velocity (r = 0.63), and vertical foot velocity (r = 0.77) during pre-support, the ankle angle at the take-on (r = -0.43), knee flexion (r = -0.54), and knee extension (r = -0.47) during support. The results indicate that greater stride length, smaller contact time, and the mentioned kinematic step characteristics are relevant for the production of maximum sprinting speed in athletes at an intermediate to advanced performance level. The association of sprinting speed and these features should primarily be taken into account in conditioning and technical training.

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Schnelligkeitstraining

Wiewelhove¹

2020

Trainingswissenschaft Für Die Sportpraxis

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Biomechanical, Neuro-muscular and Methodical Aspects of Running Speed Development

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Acute Effects of a Speed Training Program on Sprinting Step Kinematics and Performance

Acute Effects of a Speed Training Program on Sprinting Step Kinematics and Performance

Kinematic Stride Characteristics of Maximal Sprint Running of Elite Sprinters – Verification of the “Swing-Pull Technique”

Schnelligkeitstraining

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