Biomechanical properties of celiotomy wounds closed with tape and cyanoacrylate versus intradermal sutures

Abstract

Objective To compare cutaneous wound closure with mesh and 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate (MOC) vs an intradermal suture pattern (ISP) in terms of time of application and biomechanical properties. Sample population Experimental study with 12 female beagle dogs. Methods A skin incision was created from the xiphoid to the pubis as part of an ovariohysterectomy; the linea alba and subcutaneous tissue were closed routinely. Half of the skin incision was closed with MOC, and the other half was closed with an ISP. Tissue samples were collected from both sections at days 14 and 28 and tested for ultimate strength and stiffness. Results Closure with MOC (72.8 ± 14.0 s) was faster than with an ISP (398.4 ± 36.4 s; P = .001). The ultimate load and stiffness increased with time for MOC (P = .005 and P = .005, respectively) and ISP (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). On day 14, ultimate load and stiffness were greater in wounds closed with MOC compared with ISP (P = .014 and P = .02, respectively). No difference between groups was detected at day 28. Conclusion Cutaneous wound closure with MOC was faster and resulted in superior strength at 14 days compared with closure with an ISP in this healthy population. Clinical significance Mesh and 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate offers an attractive alternative to ISP for skin closure after celiotomy in dogs, especially if surgical/anesthesia time is a concern.

Incisional complications after skin closure with n‐butyl cyanoacrylate or stainless‐steel skin staples in horses undergoing colic surgery

“…[13][14][15] In the veterinary literature, celiotomy incision closure in dogs with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (2OC) and a mesh was reported to be faster and had superior strength compared with an intradermal suture only. 16 Cyanoacrylates polymerize on contact with anionic substances (such as blood), forming a solid film that bridges the incision and holds the apposed skin edges together. 17 These polymers create an occlusive wound healing environment and a barrier to microbial penetration.…”

“…In clinical studies in which researchers compared cyanoacrylates directly with skin staples or suture, cyanoacrylates had equal or lower SSI rates, had similar dehiscence rates, saved time in surgery, and were cost effective 13‐15 . In the veterinary literature, celiotomy incision closure in dogs with 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate (2OC) and a mesh was reported to be faster and had superior strength compared with an intradermal suture only 16 . Cyanoacrylates polymerize on contact with anionic substances (such as blood), forming a solid film that bridges the incision and holds the apposed skin edges together 17 .…”

Benefits of cyanoacrylate mesh closure following exploratory laparotomy in horses

“…It may also have been related to the type of glue used. Although from the same chemical family, n ‐butyl‐cyanoacrylate is more tissue toxic, brittle and prone to cracking 15 . In contrast, 2‐OCA is more flexible, and when combined with the mesh, it provides additional structural reinforcement akin to reinforced concrete.…”

“…13,14 Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives are liquid monomers that polymerise in contact with the tissue surface in an exothermic reaction, creating a strong bridging that bonds the apposed wound edges. 15 Developed initially for emergency battlefield use during the Vietnam war, cyanoacrylate adhesives are thought to reduce the risk of SSI in humans by eliminating the punctures that result from suturing procedures, avoiding the introduction of skin-borne microorganisms and suture tract infections. 16 Dermabond Prineo (Ethicon, Johnson & Johnson Medical, Belgium) is a topical skin adhesive that combines a self-adhering polyester mesh with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (2-OCA).…”

High Performance Marine and Terrestrial Bioadhesives and the Biomedical Applications They Have Inspired

“…Because adhesion occurs when the molecules on two surfaces are close enough to allow intermolecular attraction to occur, this increases the "stickiness" of the adhesive through capillary action and since the adhesive is elastic it is also re-usable. Superadhesive tapes have been developed for use in surgical applications in orthopaedics [31][32][33][34][35] and in soft tissue reconstruction procedures [36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. Novel surgical tapes containing BMP-2 binding peptides have been used to capture endogenous growth factors to accelerate healing processes in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions [43].…”