Biomechanical Properties of the Internal Spermatic Vein in the Normal Population and Patients with Left-Sided Varicocele Testis

Lund, Lars; Ernst, Erik; Sørensen, Henrik Toft; Oxlund, Hans

doi:10.1159/000019542

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These findings also indicate that long‐term dilatation results in irreversible damage to internal spermatic veins. Lund et al . (1998) measured the biochemical properties of internal spermatic veins concerned with vein strength, and reported that biochemical differences associated with age might be involved in the development of varicocele.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal spermatic vein diameter and age at operation reflect the response to varicocelectomy

Shiraishi

Takihara²,

Naito

2001

Andrologia

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It was evaluated whether the diameter of internal spermatic veins (measured directly during operation) correlates with the clinical grade and treatment outcome following varicocelectomy. Fifty-seven consecutive men undergoing left varicocelectomy were included in the study, and spermatic vein diameter was compared with the response to the operation. The diameter appeared larger with increasing clinical grade (subclinical: 3.40 +/- 1.64 mm; grade 1 : 2.74 +/- 0.84 mm; grade 2 : 3.70 +/- 1.09 mm; grade 3 : 4.38 +/- 1.30 mm). In patients 30 years or older, spermatic vein diameter in men whose post-operative semen parameters were unchanged or worsened was statistically larger than that of patients whose post-operative semen parameters were improved, in terms of both sperm concentration (3.90 +/- 1.24 mm versus 2.84 +/- 0.94 mm; P < 0.05) and sperm motility (3.98 +/- 1.24 mm versus 2.67 +/- 0.67 mm, P < 0.01). Although the diameter of internal spermatic veins measured directly during operation correlated well with clinical grade, it is the diameter and patient's age at operation, but not clinical grade, that determine the reversibility of testicular injury following varicocelectomy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal spermatic vein diameter and age at operation reflect the response to varicocelectomy

Shiraishi

Takihara²,

Naito

2001

Andrologia

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“…2 Due to anatomic differences of the internal spermatic veins, it is more common on the left side. 3 Large and moderate varicoceles are easy to identify clinically, but mild varicoceles need careful clinical examination. 4 Therefore, the role of scrotal colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) is essential for the interpretation of an indecisive physical scrotal examination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subinguinal versus peritesticular diameters of varicocele veins in the supine and standing posture

Arshad¹,

Siddiqui²,

Rehman³

2021

J Pak Med Assoc

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Objective: Scrotal CDUS is a standard investigation for varicocele patients, but it is not clear that which region should be considered as a standard. The aim of study was to determine that which region should be taken as a standard of measurement for varicocele veins. Methods: The study was conducted at the andro-urology clinic of a teaching hospital. Scrotal Color Doppler Ultrasound (CDUS) parameters were determined at subinguinal and peritesticular region in 35 varicocele patients. The data was collected as mean ± SD and compared using paired t test. Results: In supine position, the mean diameters of varicocele vein at peritesticular region (3.31mm ± 0.70) was compared with the mean diameters of varicocele vein at subinguinal region (2.94mm ± 0.52) and were found to be significantly greater (p < 0.01). The mean diameters of varicocele vein at peritesticular region, when measured in standing posture (3.65mm ± 0.77) was significantly greater (p < 0.01) than the mean diameters at subinguinal region (3.29mm ± 0.62). All varicocele patients had associated semen abnormalities but the diameter of varicocele veins had no significant correlation with semen abnormalities. Conclusion: The varicocele vein diameter at peritesticular region was found to be significantly greater than the sub-inguinal varicocele vein diameter in both lying and standing position. The diameters at peritesticular region may be routinely measured to reach at a better clinical decision. Continuous...

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“…Varicocele is thought to be the most treatable factor of male infertility where it prevails in 9-23% among general population that increased up to 40% among infertile men exerting a negative impact on semen parameters (Mostafa et al, 2001(Mostafa et al, , 2006(Mostafa et al, , 2009. It occurs more frequently on the left side, mostly due to the anatomic asymmetry of the internal spermatic veins (Lund et al, 1998). Although, large and moderate varicoceles are easily identified clinically, however, mild one needs meticulous clinical examination (Caş kurlu et al, 2003;Schurich et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic parameters of the spermatic veins at the inguinal and scrotal levels in varicocele diagnosis and post-operative repair

et al. 2011

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Varicocele has been identified as an important cause of male infertility where its influence on men's reproductive capacity is due to its markedly diverse effects on the testicles. This study aimed to assess the value of ultrasonographic parameters of the spermatic veins at the inguinal and scrotal levels in varicocele diagnosis and post-operative evaluation. Forty-five infertile men associated with varicocele and 15 fertile men were subjected to history taking, genital examination and semen analysis. In addition, inguinal and scrotal ultrasonography was carried out pre-varicocelectomy and 3 months post-varicocelectomy. At both the scrotal or inguinal levels, the mean spermatic vein diameter demonstrated significant post-operative decrease compared with the pre-operative resting condition and on Valsalva' manoeuvre. The mean diameters of the pampiniform plexus of veins also demonstrated significant decreases post-operatively compared with the pre-operative resting condition or on Valsalva' manoeuvre. It is concluded that colour Doppler ultrasound is a reliable and noninvasive method that is useful not only for diagnosis but also for post-varicocele repair follow-up.

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Biomechanical Properties of the Internal Spermatic Vein in the Normal Population and Patients with Left-Sided Varicocele Testis

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Internal spermatic vein diameter and age at operation reflect the response to varicocelectomy

Internal spermatic vein diameter and age at operation reflect the response to varicocelectomy

Subinguinal versus peritesticular diameters of varicocele veins in the supine and standing posture

Ultrasonographic parameters of the spermatic veins at the inguinal and scrotal levels in varicocele diagnosis and post-operative repair

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