Biomechanical testing of the locking compression plate: When does the distance between bone and implant significantly reduce construct stability?

Ahmad, Mohd Nizam; Nanda, Ram S.; Bajwa, Ali; Candal-Couto, Jaime; Green, S.M.; Hui, A.C.

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2006.08.058

Cited by 271 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Since our testing, Ahmad et al have found that in a diaphyseal gap model, no difference could be appreciated between constructs stabilized with 4.5 LCPs or 4.5 DCPs when subjected to static and cyclic axial compression and torsional testing provided that the offset was not greater than two millimetres, and that structural stability of these constructs suffered significantly at an offset of five millimetres. 38 A limitation of our study then is the uncertainty regarding the amount of offset under each screw hole or total amount of offset. Though this could be quantified in subsequent studies, the effect of offset on a curved or contoured plate has yet to be investigated.…”

Section: Offsetmentioning

confidence: 96%

A biomechanical comparison of 3.5 locking compression plate fixation to 3.5 limited contact dynamic compression plate fixation in a canine cadaveric distal humeral metaphyseal gap model

Filipowicz

Lanz²,

McLaughlin³

et al. 2009

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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Objective-To compare the biomechanical properties of 3.5 locking compression plate (LCP) fixation to 3.5 limited contact dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP) fixation in a canine cadaveric, distal humeral metaphyseal gap model in static axial compression and cyclic axial compression and torsion.Study Design-Biomechanical in vitro study.Sample Population-30 paired humeri from adult, medium to large breed dogs.Methods-Testing was performed monotonically to failure in axial compression on ten pairs of humeri, cyclically in axial compression for 10,000 cycles on ten pairs and cyclically in torsion for 500 cycles on the last ten pairs.Results-Humeral constructs stabilized with LCPs were significantly stiffer than those plated with LC-DCPs when loaded in axial compression (P=0.0004). When cyclically loaded in axial compression over 10,000 cycles, the LC-DCP constructs were significantly stiffer than those constructs stabilized with LCPs (P=0.0029). Constructs plated with LC-DCPs were significantly more resistant to torsion over 500 cycles than those plated with LCPs (P<0.0001), though no difference was detected during the first 280 cycles.iii Conclusions-The increased stiffness of LCP constructs in monotonic loading compared to constructs stabilized with non-locking plates may be attributed to the stability afforded by the plate-screw interface of locking plates. The LCP constructs demonstrated less stiffness in dynamic testing in this model, likely due to plate-bone offset secondary to non-anatomic contouring and occasional incomplete seating of the locking screws when using the torque-limiting screw driver.Clinical Relevance-LCPs yield less stiff fixation under dynamic loading than conventional LC-DCPs when applied to severely comminuted, metaphyseal fractures.Improving anatomical contouring of the plate and insuring complete screw insertion into the locking plate hole may improve stiffness when using LCPs in comminuted fractures.iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Section: Offsetmentioning

confidence: 96%

A biomechanical comparison of 3.5 locking compression plate fixation to 3.5 limited contact dynamic compression plate fixation in a canine cadaveric distal humeral metaphyseal gap model

Filipowicz

Lanz²,

McLaughlin³

et al. 2009

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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“…Results from human studies with the LCP suggest that the distance between the bone and the plate should not exceed 2 mm (11,15). A gap of 1 mm has been shown not to result in an increased risk of screw failure in mandibular fractures stabilised with the 2.4 mm Unilock system (12).…”

Section: K Voss Et Al: Repair Of Long-bone Fractures Using the Unilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repair of long-bone fractures in cats and small dogs with the Unilock mandible locking plate system

Voss¹,

Kull²,

Hässig³

et al. 2009

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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“…Through the mechanical model of implanted plates, this paper aims to analyze the mechanical properties of metal plates to obtain the optimal screws layout. 8-hole femur straight plate is chosen and four plans will be chosen based on existed screw layout principles [2] and medical theory. Finite element analysis software is used to analyze that plans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screw Layout Optimization to Solve Fatigue Fracture of Femoral Ti Alloy Metal Plate

Xie

Luo

2016

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. After femoral shaft fractures, metal plates can be implanted to help its recovery. However, the main problem is that a bone fracture plate could crack or fail in the process of recovery, which cause a secondary damage to the patient. The stress concentration caused by the screw layout of the implanted plate is one of the main reasons for the fracture or failure. Since different screw layout solutions lead to different features of stress concentration, taking the femoral straight Ti alloy metal plate as the object, this research employed the optimization theory and the finite element analysis method to optimize the screw layout. Finally the optimal solution is obtained, which can improve fatigue strength of the fixation system and reduce the failure probability of the system, avoiding the secondary damage to the patient.

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Biomechanical testing of the locking compression plate: When does the distance between bone and implant significantly reduce construct stability?

Cited by 271 publications

References 5 publications

A biomechanical comparison of 3.5 locking compression plate fixation to 3.5 limited contact dynamic compression plate fixation in a canine cadaveric distal humeral metaphyseal gap model

A biomechanical comparison of 3.5 locking compression plate fixation to 3.5 limited contact dynamic compression plate fixation in a canine cadaveric distal humeral metaphyseal gap model

Repair of long-bone fractures in cats and small dogs with the Unilock mandible locking plate system

Screw Layout Optimization to Solve Fatigue Fracture of Femoral Ti Alloy Metal Plate

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