Biomechanical upper-extremity performance tests and isokinetic shoulder strength in collision and contact athletes

Fanning, Edel; Daniels, Katherine; Cools, Ann; Miles, Joshua J; Falvey, Éanna

doi:10.1080/02640414.2021.1904694

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Table 1 shows that the relative peak torque and average output power of the knee joint of the athletes in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group. 10 The extensor muscle's peak systolic torque and eccentric systolic peak torque were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01). It shows that the athletes in the control group are worse than the experimental group in terms of maximum knee strength and yielding contraction ability.…”

Section: Comparative Analysis Of Isokinetic Muscle Strength Character...mentioning

confidence: 74%

Isokinetic Muscle Strength Characteristics of Lower Limb Joints in Long Jumpers

Yang

et al. 2023

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: Joint strength of the lower limbs plays a decisive role in the competitive ability of long jumpers. Special strength training based on science and targeted at the strength of the lower limb joints is an essential topic for long jumpers. Objective: To analyze isokinetic muscle strength characteristics of lower limb joints in long jumpers. Methods: Voluntary jumpers were submitted to isokinetic concentric contraction tests of the lower limbs and hip joints. We also analyzed the effect of strength training on lower limb joint injury. Results: The knee muscles of the athletes have reduced eccentric contractility. The ankle of the athlete has the most vulnerable joint to injuries in the sport. Conclusion: The explosive force and eccentric contractility of long jumpers’ lower limb extensor muscles have the most significant impact on joint thrust and extension speed. Athletes need muscle strength training to develop isokinetic muscle strength. This can effectively prevent injury to lower extremity joint movements. The research findings of this paper can provide a specific theoretical basis for formulating scientific training for long jumpers. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

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Section: Comparative Analysis Of Isokinetic Muscle Strength Character...mentioning

confidence: 74%

Isokinetic Muscle Strength Characteristics of Lower Limb Joints in Long Jumpers

Yang

et al. 2023

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…A convenience sample of athletes who were participating in competitive collision and/or contact sport locally, with no history of shoulder instability or upper limb surgery, meeting the same inclusion criteria as the GHJS athletes were recruited between March 2017 and December 2018. They acted as the un-injured control group (12). Participants gave informed written consent before testing, and the study received ethical approval from Sports Surgery Clinic Hospital Ethics Committee.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean time postsurgery was 17 ± 2 wk (4 months post-GHJS assessment) and 29 ± 1 wk (6 months post-GHJS). The un-injured cohort was tested on a single occasion (12,13).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most work in this area to date has largely focused on overhead throwing athletes, who would be expected to present with substantially different strength and symmetry profiles (10,11). Previous studies from our group have demonstrated good reliability for a series of upper extremity performance test parameters (the counter-movement push-up (CMPU), box drop landing (BDL), and press-jump (PJ)) assessed on a dual force plate system (12) and maximum angle-specific isokinetic shoulder rotational strength measures in a cohort of un-injured collision and contact athletes (13). However, it is not known how these test metrics are affected after glenohumeral joint stabilization (GHJS) surgery.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Upper Limb Strength and Performance Deficits after Glenohumeral Joint Stabilization Surgery in Contact and Collision Athletes

FANNING,

DANIELS,

COOLS

et al. 2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purpose The primary aim was to identify and quantify differences in interlimb asymmetry magnitudes across a battery of upper extremity strength and performance tests at four and six months after glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation surgery shoulder stabilisation in contact and collision athletes compared to an un-injured group. A secondary aim was to investigate if identified asymmetry magnitudes changed from four months to six months post glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation. The third aim was to explore associations within the different performance and strength variables. Methods Fifty-six male contact and collision sport athletes who had had undergone unilateral glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation were tested at 4 and 6 months post-surgery. An un-injured control group (n = 39 for upper extremity performance tests, n = 47 for isokinetic dynamometry) were tested on a single occasion. Three upper extremity force platform-based performance tests and angle-specific concentric internal and external isokinetic shoulder rotational strength were assessed, and inter-limb asymmetries were compared between the two groups. Results At four months post-surgery, the glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation group demonstrated significantly higher absolute interlimb asymmetry values than the un-injured group for almost all the performance test variables. In the ballistic upper-body performance tests, the glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation group achieved only half the body elevation reached by the un-injured (counter-movement push-up jump height (η2 = 0.50) and press-jump jump height (η2 = 0.39)). At 6 months post-surgery absolute inter-limb asymmetries reduced for the performance tests variables but some asymmetry persisted. The glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation group had significantly greater absolute inter-limb asymmetries for five out of the eight isokinetic variables. Conclusions Contact and collision athletes who may be cleared to return to sport at four to six months after glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation surgery shoulder stabilisation continue to demonstrate upper limb strength and performance deficits when compared to their un-injured limb and to their un-injured counterparts.

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“…The participants performed concentric shoulder internal rotation (IR) and ER isokinetic testing at 90°/s (Cybex Humac NORM, Computer Sports Medicine, Inc., Soughton, MA, USA) as previously described 13 . The non-dominant limb was tested first followed by the dominant limb.…”

Section: Isokinetic Dynamometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Angle-Specific Isokinetic Shoulder Rotational Strength Can be Reliably Assessed in Collision and Contact Athletes

Fanning

Falvey

Daniels

et al. 2022

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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An increased understanding of rotational strength as a potential prognostic factor for injury in contact and collision athletes may be important in planning return to sport. The aim of this study was to (1) determine the test–retest reliability of clinically relevant, angle-specific rotational and peak torque measurements in a cohort of uninjured collision and contact athletes; (2) develop a normal descriptive profile of angle-specific rotational torque measurements in the same cohort; and (3) examine the effects of direction and joint angle on shoulder rotational strength interlimb asymmetries. Twenty-three collision and contact athletes were recruited for the interday reliability substudy and 47 athletes were recruited for the remaining substudies. We used intraclass correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals to quantify interday reliability of all variables. We used a 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance to analyze differences in absolute interlimb asymmetries. Interday reliability for the isokinetic strength variables was good to excellent (0.78–0.90) on the dominant side and moderate to good (0.63–0.86) on the nondominant side. Maximum angle-specific torque (as well as peak torque) can be measured reliably in internally and externally rotated positions. A normal profile of clinically relevant, angle-specific shoulder rotational torque measurements for collision and contact athletes has been established which provides a reference when assessing shoulder strength in this population.

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Biomechanical upper-extremity performance tests and isokinetic shoulder strength in collision and contact athletes

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Isokinetic Muscle Strength Characteristics of Lower Limb Joints in Long Jumpers

Isokinetic Muscle Strength Characteristics of Lower Limb Joints in Long Jumpers

Upper Limb Strength and Performance Deficits after Glenohumeral Joint Stabilization Surgery in Contact and Collision Athletes

Angle-Specific Isokinetic Shoulder Rotational Strength Can be Reliably Assessed in Collision and Contact Athletes

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