“…Specifically, the positive δ 13 C values for calcite cements suggest that carbon sources are derivation of dissolved carbon from sea water (−4‰-4‰) (Bath et al, 1987), dissolved carbon from lacustrine water (2.9‰-9.3‰) (Cao et al, 2007;Lyu et al, 2018;Tian et al, 2018) or microbial fermentation of organic matter (8‰-23‰) (Macaulay et al, 2000;Head et al, 2003). While, the negative δ 13 C values for the calcite cements indicate that carbon sources include meteoric water influence (−7‰-−3.5‰) (Schmid et al, 2004), magmatic influence (−8‰-−4‰) (Hoefs, 1973;Xi et al, 2016;Zhu et al, 2017), decarboxylation of organic matter (−10‰-−25‰) (Irwin et al, 1977), bacterial oxidation (−13‰-−25‰) (Irwin et al, 1977;Bath et al, 1987), bacterial sulphate reduction (−30‰-−25‰) (Irwin et al, 1977;Suess and Whiticar, 1989;Jiang et al, 2017), hydrothermal induced methanogenesis oxidation (−36‰-−27‰) (Bristow et al, 2011;Bian et al, 2013) and biogenic induced methanogenesis oxidation (−66‰ -−35‰) (Suess and Whiticar, 1989;Bristow et al, 2011).…”