Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Alginate and Chitosan

Skaugrud, Øyvind; Hagen, Anniken; Borgersen, Berit; Dornish, Michael

doi:10.1080/02648725.1999.10647970

Cited by 103 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As the ionic concentration is increased this repulsion effect is reduced resulting in a more coiled arrangement of the polymer [28]. This may also contribute to the lack of chitosan visualized on the surface at the elevated ionic concentrations.…”

Section: Figure 4 Afm Images Of Pgm Complexed With Chitosan Sc210j Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic force microscopy of gastric mucin and chitosan mucoadhesive systems

Deacon

McGurk

Roberts

et al. 2000

Biochemical Journal

118

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Atomic force microscopy has been utilized to probe, at a molecular level, the interaction between purified pig gastric mucin (PGM) and a mucoadhesive cationic polymer, chitosan (sea cure 210j), with a low degree (approx. 11 %) of acetylation. Images were produced detailing the structures of both PGM and chitosan in 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 4.5), followed by the complex of the two structures in the same buffer. PGM in 0.1 M acetate buffer revealed long linear filamentous structures, consistent with earlier electron microscopy and scanning tunnelling micoscopy studies. The chitosan molecules also adopted a linear conformation in the same buffer, although with a smaller average

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Section: Figure 4 Afm Images Of Pgm Complexed With Chitosan Sc210j Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic force microscopy of gastric mucin and chitosan mucoadhesive systems

Deacon

McGurk

Roberts

et al. 2000

Biochemical Journal

118

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“…The immunomodulating properties of alginate are of commercial importance as alginate is used in several biomedical applications (43), and alginate capsules are currently being evaluated for use as implantation material for hormone-producing cells (44,45). Moreover, carbohydrates have interesting potentials for treatment of various infections and cancers (46).…”

Section: Tlr2 and Tlr4 Mediate Activation By Mannuronic Acid Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 in Cell Activation by Mannuronic Acid Polymers

Flo

Ryan

Latz

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

179

106

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The alginate capsule produced by the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is composed mainly of mannuronic acid polymers (poly-M) that have immunostimulating properties. Poly-M shares with lipopolysaccharide the ability to stimulate cytokine production from human monocytes in a CD14-dependent manner. In the present study we examined the role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 in responses to poly-M. Blocking antibodies to TLR2 and TLR4 partly inhibited tumor necrosis factor production induced by poly-M in human monocytes, and further inhibition was obtained by combining the antibodies. By transiently transfecting HEK293 cells, we found that membrane CD14 together with either TLR2 or TLR4/MD-2 could mediate activation by poly-M. Transfection of HEK293 cells with TLR2 and fluorescently labeled TLR4 followed by co-patching of TLR2 with an antibody revealed no association of these molecules on the plasma membrane. However, macrophages from the Tlr4 mutant C3H/HeJ mice and TLR4 knockout mice were completely non-responsive to poly-M, whereas the tumor necrosis factor release from TLR2 knockout macrophages was half of that seen with wild type cells. Taken together the results suggest that both TLR2 and TLR4 are involved in cell activation by poly-M and that TLR4 may be required in primary murine macrophages.

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“…This is due to their low or non-toxic property that makes them safe for food application (Wandrey et al, 2010). Chitosan and alginate are natural polymers that are non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable (Skaugrud et al, 1999). Chitosan is obtained from deacetylation of chitin, a compound rich in the exoskeleton of arthropods, beaks of cephalopods (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulation of Anthocyanins from Black Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Bran Extract using Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles

Bulatao¹,

Samin²,

Salazar³

et al. 2017

JFR

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This study was conducted to extract and encapsulate anthocyanins from black rice bran using chitosan-alginate nanoparticles. Ten black rice varieties were screened for the anthocyanin content and the variety with the highest anthocyanins was used for the encapsulation. The anthocyanins were extracted by defatting the bran with n-hexane and soaking it with 85% acidified ethanol. The crude anthocyanin extract (CAE) was freeze-dried at -110°C for 48 h and then encapsulated in chitosan-alginate nanoparticles using two processes: ionic pre-gelation and polyelectrolyte complex formation. The mass ratio of chitosan and alginate polymers used in this study was 100:10. The treatments applied were as follows: T 0 -0 mg CAE, T 1 -10 mg CAE, T 2 -20 mg CAE, and T 3 -30 mg CAE. The resulting capsules were characterized in terms of chemical properties, surface morphology, particle size, polydispersive index, encapsulation efficiency, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. Screening of rice samples indicated that Ominio bran had the highest anthocyanin content (36.11 mg/g). Anthocyanins were successfully encapsulated in the matrix as shown by the Scanning Electron Microscopy images and Fourier Transform Infrared spectra of the anthocyanin-loaded chitosan-alginate nanoparticles. Among the different concentrations of CAE, T 3 had the highest encapsulation efficiency (68.9%) and antioxidant scavenging activity (38.3%) while T 1 and T 2 had the lowest. Ascending particle size was observed for T 0 (358.5 nm), T 3 (467.9 nm), T 1 (572.3 nm), and T 2 (635.9 nm). All anthocyanin-loaded capsules were found to be of nano-size (<1000 nm). The study concluded that chitosan-alginate nanoparticles can be a good encapsulating material for anthocyanin.

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Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Alginate and Chitosan

Cited by 103 publications

References 14 publications

Atomic force microscopy of gastric mucin and chitosan mucoadhesive systems

Atomic force microscopy of gastric mucin and chitosan mucoadhesive systems

Involvement of Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 in Cell Activation by Mannuronic Acid Polymers

Encapsulation of Anthocyanins from Black Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Bran Extract using Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles

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