Biomedical Applications of Electromagnetic Fields

Poljak, Dragan; Cvetković, Mario

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816443-3.00015-7

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…2) The effects of electromagnetic fields on human health: Since the beginning of the 20th century, we are overwhelmed by the increasing sources of the Electromagnetic Field (EMF) that is coming from telecommunication, electricity, appliances, medical equipment and many other apparatus that are used in daily life. Although these new technologies became inevitable and indispensable, the EMF they produce may cause health risks and hazards to human (Poljak and Cvetkovi´c, 2019).…”

Section: C) Intermediate Frequency (If)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using New Technological Methods in Defining Safe Ranges for Electromagnetic Radiations in Built Environment

Azza

Ibrahim

Magda

2021

Journal of Environmental Science

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The dangers of electromagnetic radiation occur when humans works in the operation, following and maintenance of the transforms which causes their exposure to the electromagnetic field for long periods of time, and also when transformers are placed in the residential buildings its fields affects the health of all those living in this building. This paper aims to study the environmental and health dangers caused by the electromagnetic fields produced by the medium voltage transformers found in or near the residential and services buildings.Because of all the fears from the electromagnetic fields many researches and studies were performed, the world health organization started an international project to evaluate the environmental and health effects caused by the electromagnetic field with its different frequencies, many authorities

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Section: C) Intermediate Frequency (If)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using New Technological Methods in Defining Safe Ranges for Electromagnetic Radiations in Built Environment

Azza

Ibrahim

Magda

2021

Journal of Environmental Science

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“…Science-based guidelines for exposure to electromagnetic (EM) fields, such as those published by ICNIRP 1 and IEEE 2 , are based on the established effects of these fields on biological systems. For radio frequency EM fields, the established biological effect is tissue heating and the guidelines are intended to limit temperature rises induced by time-averaged heating 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A resonant cavity system for exposing cell cultures to intense pulsed RF fields

Ur-Rehman

Alfadhl

Chen

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The IEEE and ICNIRP had specified a maximum permissible exposure for instantaneous peak electric field of 100 kV/m. However, no rationale was given for this limit. A novel exposure system was designed through a detailed process of analytical analysis, numerical modelling and prototype testing. The system consists of a cylindrical re-entrant resonant cavity that can achieve an electric field strength of more than 100 kV/m with an input power of 200 W. The working of the system was evaluated in simulation and experiment in terms of scattering parameters, electric field distributions and specific absorption rate. The system was then used to carry out in-vitro exposures of a human lymphoid cell line (GG0257) to a 1195 MHz signal at 53 dBm peak power and a pulse width of 550 ns at a range of interpulse intervals to identify heating-induced changes in cell viability. The proposed system offers high Q value of 5920 in unloaded condition which was reduced to 57 when loaded with 12 ml of cell culture but still offering 67 kV/m of the field intensity. Using the system for the exposure of GG0257 cells lasting 18 min, interpulse intervals of 11 μs or less caused a reduction in the number of viable cells and a corresponding increase in necrotic cells. For a shorter exposure duration of 6 min, the reduction in cell viability was seen at interpulse intervals of 5.5 μs or less. The designed exposure system is well capable of handling high intensity electric fields. Temperature measurements with a fibre optic probe and temperature sensitive labels showed that changes in viability were associated with temperature increases above 46 °C. This novel exposure system is an efficient means to investigate the possible relationship between peak field intensity and biological effects to provide a rationale behind the maximum exposure limit of 100 kV/m.

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Biomedical Applications of Electromagnetic Fields

Cited by 2 publications

References 118 publications

Using New Technological Methods in Defining Safe Ranges for Electromagnetic Radiations in Built Environment

Using New Technological Methods in Defining Safe Ranges for Electromagnetic Radiations in Built Environment

A resonant cavity system for exposing cell cultures to intense pulsed RF fields

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