Biomedical Applications of Quaternized Chitosan

Pathak, Kamla; Misra, Shashi Kiran; Sehgal, Aayush; Singh, Sukhbir; Bungău, Simona; Najda, Agnieszka; Gruszecki, Robert; Behl, Tapan

doi:10.3390/polym13152514

Cited by 82 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 172 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…H m -PN n hydrogels showed excellent inherent antibacterial activity. The principle of sterilization is mainly because abundant positive charges (−NH 2 and −N + (CH 3 ) 3 ) can attract negative charges on the surface of bacteria and accumulate on the bacteria wall, thereby inhibiting the growth and death of bacteria. ,− …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Bilayer Hydrogel for Wound Dressing through PET-RAFT Polymerization

et al. 2022

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Multifunctional hydrogel-based wound dressings have been explored for decades due to their huge potential in multifaceted medical intervention to wound healing. However, it is usually not easy to fabricate a single hydrogel with all of the desirable functions at one time. Herein, a bilayer model with an outer layer for hydrogel wound dressing was proposed. The inner layer (Hm-PNn) was a hybrid hydrogel prepared by N-isopropylacrylamide and chitosan-N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (HACC), and the outer layer (PVAo-PAmp) was prepared by polyvinyl alcohols and acrylamide. The two hydrogel layers of the bilayer model were covalently connected with excellent interfacial strength by photoinduced electron/energy transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. The outer layer exposed to the ambient environment exhibited good stretchability and toughness, while the inner-layer hydrogel adhered to the skin exhibited excellent softness, antibacterial activity, thermoresponsivity, and biocompatibility. In particular, the inner layer of a hydrogel demonstrated excellent antibacterial capability toward both Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive bacteria and Escherichia coli as Gram-negative bacteria. Cell cytotoxicity showed that the cell viability of all Hm-PNn layer hydrogels exceeds 80%, confirming that the hydrogels bear excellent biocompatibility. In vivo experimental results indicated that the Hm-PNn/PVAo-PAmp bilayer hydrogel has a significant effect on the acceleration of wound healing, which was demonstrated in a full-thickness skin defect model showing improved collagen disposition and granulation tissue thickness. With these results, the established multifunctional bilayer hydrogel exhibits potential as an excellent wound dressing for wound healing applications, especially for open and infected traumas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Bilayer Hydrogel for Wound Dressing through PET-RAFT Polymerization

et al. 2022

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“…The use of polycations PLL and QCHI can be relevant to cytotoxic effects as known from previous studies. , In addition, physical properties including wettability and zeta potential have effects on cell adhesion and growth as well. , In our PEM layers, cytotoxicity was studied using 3T3 mouse fibroblasts recommended by the ISO 10993–5 with a live/dead assay using CLSM images (Figure A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, no report exists about using PNIPAM-grafted CS for the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) by LbL for application in tissue engineering. The coexistence of bulky PNIPAM chains and sulfation groups in PNIPAM-CS (PCS) would affect its feasibility as polyanion to form PEMs with polycation poly- l -lysine (PLL) , or quaternized chitosan (QCHI) . Herein, we designed a variety of synthetic routes for grafting PNIPAM on CS with distinct sulfation degrees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Thermoresponsive PNIPAM-Grafted Cellulose Sulfates for Bioactive Multilayers via Layer-by-Layer Technique

Zeng

Doberenz

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The robust thermoresponsive and bioactive surfaces for tissue engineering by combining poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) and cellulose sulfate (CS) remain highly in demand but not yet realized. Herein, PNIPAM-grafted cellulose sulfates (PCSs) with diverse degrees of substitution ascribed to sulfate groups (DSS) are synthesized for the first time. Higher sulfated PCS2 generally forms larger aggregates than lower sulfated PCS1 at their cloud point temperatures (TCP) of around 33 °C, whereas PCS1 leads to larger aggregates at body temperature (37 °C). Via the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique, biocompatible polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) composed of PCSs as polyanions in combination with poly-l-lysine (PLL) or quaternized chitosan (QCHI) as polycations were fabricated. The resulting surfaces contained a more intermingled structure of polyanions with both polycations, while higher sulfated cellulose derivatives (CS2 and PCS2) displayed greater stability. Studies on toxicity and biocompatibility of PEM using 3T3 mouse fibroblasts showed a lower cytotoxicity of PEM with PCS2 and CS2 than PCS1 and CS1. Furthermore, the PEM using PCS2 particularly in combination with QCHI demonstrated excellent biocompatibility that is promising for new bioactive, thermoresponsive coatings on biomaterials and substrata for culturing adhesion-dependent cells.

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“…In summary, films, beads, fibers, intragastric floating tablets, microspheres, and chitin/chitosan nanoparticles and their derivatives have been formulated for use in the pharmaceutical field. Recent findings even support their potential for gene therapy applications [ 7 , 40 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”

Section: Chitin/chitosan Matrices Provide the Potential For Multiple ...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Improving Polysaccharide-Based Chitin/Chitosan-Aerogel Materials by Learning from Genetics and Molecular Biology

Behr

Ganesan

2022

Materials

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Improved wound healing of burnt skin and skin lesions, as well as medical implants and replacement products, requires the support of synthetical matrices. Yet, producing synthetic biocompatible matrices that exhibit specialized flexibility, stability, and biodegradability is challenging. Synthetic chitin/chitosan matrices may provide the desired advantages for producing specialized grafts but must be modified to improve their properties. Synthetic chitin/chitosan hydrogel and aerogel techniques provide the advantages for improvement with a bioinspired view adapted from the natural molecular toolbox. To this end, animal genetics provide deep knowledge into which molecular key factors decisively influence the properties of natural chitin matrices. The genetically identified proteins and enzymes control chitin matrix assembly, architecture, and degradation. Combining synthetic chitin matrices with critical biological factors may point to the future direction with engineering materials of specific properties for biomedical applications such as burned skin or skin blistering and extensive lesions due to genetic diseases.

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Biomedical Applications of Quaternized Chitosan

Cited by 82 publications

References 172 publications

Versatile Bilayer Hydrogel for Wound Dressing through PET-RAFT Polymerization

Versatile Bilayer Hydrogel for Wound Dressing through PET-RAFT Polymerization

Synthesis of Thermoresponsive PNIPAM-Grafted Cellulose Sulfates for Bioactive Multilayers via Layer-by-Layer Technique

Improving Polysaccharide-Based Chitin/Chitosan-Aerogel Materials by Learning from Genetics and Molecular Biology

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