Biometric Estimation of Chest Wall Thickness of Females

Berger, C.D.; Lane, Bill

doi:10.1097/00004032-198509000-00004

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…(571) Ultrasonic measurements have been used to determine chest wall thickness in studies such as those reported by Dean (1973), Fry and Summerling (1980), Summerling and Quant (1982), Berger and Lane (1985), Palmer et al (1989), Kruchten and Anderson (1990), Kang et al (1993), Vickers (1996, and Kramer et al (2001a,b). A number of factors have been shown to influence these measurements including the subject's height, body mass, age, and gender; whether the subject is in a sitting or supine position; and the size and location of the chest wall covered by radiation detectors for which chest wall thickness measurements are made.…”

Section: Specific Gravity Of Female Breast Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values

Valentin¹

2002

Ann ICRP

883

430

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This report presents detailed information on age- and gender-related differences in the anatomical and physiological characteristics of reference individuals. These reference values provide needed input to prospective dosimetry calculations for radiation protection purposes for both workers and members of the general public.The purpose of this report is to consolidate and unify in one publication, important new information on reference anatomical and physiological values that has become available since Publication 23 was published by the ICRP in 1975. There are two aspects of this work. The first is to revise and extend the information in Publication 23 as appropriate. The second is to provide additional information on individual variation among grossly normal individuals resulting from differences in age, gender, race, or other factors.This publication collects, unifies, and expands the updated ICRP reference values for the purpose of providing a comprehensive and consistent set of age- and gender-specific reference values for anatomical and physiological features of the human body pertinent to radiation dosimetry. The reference values given in this report are based on: (a) anatomical and physiological information not published before by the ICRP; (b) recent ICRP publications containing reference value information; and (c) information in Publication 23 that is still considered valid and appropriate for radiation protection purposes.Moving from the past emphasis on ‘Reference Man’, the new report presents a series of reference values for both male and female subjects of six different ages: newborn, 1 year, 5 years, 10 years, 15 years, and adult. In selecting reference values, the Commission has used data on Western Europeans and North Americans because these populations have been well studied with respect to antomy, body composition, and physiology. When appropriate, comparisons are made between the chosen reference values and data from several Asian populations.The first section of the report provides summary tables of all the anatomical and physiological parameters given as reference values in this publication. These results give a comprehensive view of reference values for an individual as influenced by age and gender.The second section describes characteristics of dosimetric importance for the embryo and fetus. Information is provided on the development of the total body and the timing of appearance and development of the various organ systems. Reference values are provided on the mass of the total body and selected organs and tissues, as well as a number of physiological parameters.The third section deals with reference values of important anatomical and physiological characteristics of reference individuals from birth to adulthood. This section begins with details on the growth and composition of the total body in males and females. It then describes and quantifies anatomical and physiological characteristics of various organ systems and changes in these characteristics during growth, maturity, and pregnancy. Reference values are specified for characteristics of dosimetric importance.The final section gives a brief summary of the elemental composition of individuals. Focusing on the elements of dosimetric importance, information is presented on the body content of 13 elements: calcium, carbon, chloride, hydrogen, iodine, iron, magnesium, nitrogen, oxygen, potassium, sodium, sulphur, and phosphorus.

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Section: Specific Gravity Of Female Breast Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values

Valentin¹

2002

Ann ICRP

883

430

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“…However, breast structures vary widely depending on multiple criteria like age, geographical origin, hormonal activity, corpulence, musculature, etc. Many studies (e.g., Berger and Lane 1985;Lee et al 2004) tried to identify reliable anthropometrical marks for quantifying and describing breast dimensions and developing empirical equations to determine breast shapes. The brassiere industry organizes measurement campaigns in order to produce the most representative bras fitting the most common sizes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation and Use of Adjustable 3d Phantoms: Application for the Lung Monitoring of Female Workers

Farah¹,

Broggio²,

Franck³

2010

Health Physics

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In vivo counting measurements, used for the monitoring of workers with internal contamination risks, are based on the use of calibration physical phantoms. However, such phantoms do not exist for female subjects. Computational calibration using numerical representations, Mesh and non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) geometries, was thus considered. The study presented here is focused on the creation of different female thoracic phantoms with various breast sizes and chest girths. These 3D models are used to estimate the radiation attenuation with morphology and the resulting variation of the calibration coefficient of a typical 4-germanium in vivo counting system. A basic Mesh female thoracic phantom was created from the International Commission on Radiological Protection Adult Female Reference Computational Phantom. Using this basic phantom, different chest girths (85, 90, 100, 110, and 120) and cup sizes (A to F) were created representing the most common thoracic female morphologies, as recommended by the available and relevant literature. Variation of breast tissue composition and internal organ volumes with morphology were also considered. As a result, 34 thoracic female phantoms were created combining different cup sizes and chest girths. For the 85 chest girth, at very low energies (15 keV), a relative counting efficiency variation of about 85% was observed between the A and E cups. As a result of this study, breast size dependent calibration coefficients, between 15 keV and 1.4 MeV, were obtained and tabulated for a typical lung counting germanium system.

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“…Lors de la création de la librairie de fantômes, la masse des seins a été reliée au tour de thorax et au bonnet en suivant les recommandations de spécialistes en chirurgie plastique et autres domaines connexes (Regnault et al, 1972 ;Berger et Lane, 1985 ;Smith et al, 1986 ;Pechter, 1998 ;Warren et al, 2007). Pour un tour de thorax donné, la taille de poitrine a été modifiée par l'ajout de la même quantité de tissu adipeux pour chaque changement de bonnet comme recommandé par Turner et Dujon (2005).…”

Section: Variation Du Bonnetunclassified

Nouvelle méthode de surveillance des travailleuses du nucléaire par anthroporadiamétrie : utilisation des calculs Monte Carlo associés aux fantômes déformables de type Mesh et NURBS

2011

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Biometric Estimation of Chest Wall Thickness of Females

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values

Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values

Creation and Use of Adjustable 3d Phantoms: Application for the Lung Monitoring of Female Workers

Nouvelle méthode de surveillance des travailleuses du nucléaire par anthroporadiamétrie : utilisation des calculs Monte Carlo associés aux fantômes déformables de type Mesh et NURBS

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