Biomimetic and biopolymer-based enzyme encapsulation

pH-Sensitive Twin Liposomes Containing Quercetin and Laccase for Tumor Therapy

“…The average degree of DOCA and biotin substitution (defined as the number of DOCA or biotin per one repeating unit of GC) was 0.47 and 0.26, respectively, which were calculated after analyzing the integration ratios of the peaks at δ 2.31 ppm (−CH− from DOCA), δ 4.41 ppm (−CH− from biotin), and δ 2.55 ppm (−CH− from GC) (Figure S5). Here, the proton signals of GDOCA-biotin were confirmed using the 1 S6) supporting the 1 H NMR results of GDOCA−biotin. In addition, the concentration of avidin in GDOCA−avidin was measured to have a 2.45 ± 0.25 wt % using a BCA protein assay kit.…”

“…Cases of remodeling the form, shape, and physical properties of drug-delivery vehicles through biomimetic studies and using them for antitumor research are recently increasing. 1,2 Thus, the combination of novel drug-carrying vehicles and enzymecatalyzed prodrug therapy can be highly attractive in terms of alleviating the side effects of drugs and enhancing the efficiency of antitumor treatment and converting nontoxic prodrugs into forms that are aggressive to tumor cells under specific conditions and specific environments. 3−7 In particular, the spatiotemporal-selective antitumor activity of prodrugs can be improved by incorporating functional nanovehicles.…”

“…Cases of remodeling the form, shape, and physical properties of drug-delivery vehicles through biomimetic studies and using them for antitumor research are recently increasing. , Thus, the combination of novel drug-carrying vehicles and enzyme-catalyzed prodrug therapy can be highly attractive in terms of alleviating the side effects of drugs and enhancing the efficiency of antitumor treatment and converting nontoxic prodrugs into forms that are aggressive to tumor cells under specific conditions and specific environments. − In particular, the spatiotemporal-selective antitumor activity of prodrugs can be improved by incorporating functional nanovehicles. − In this study, we focused on twin nanoparticles and multicompartmental particles with functionalities for highly efficient prodrug therapy. − For example, when a prodrug is activated by a different bioactive catalyst, the individual encapsulation of the prodrug and bioactive catalyst in different compartments in a single particle and its delivery to a specific site (while maintaining the status of the nontoxic prodrug until reaching the target site) may enhance the therapeutic effect significantly more than encapsulating both the prodrug and bioactive catalyst in the same compartment. − Each substance can be simply mixed and administered to the body; , however, a multicompartmental drug carrier can be an efficient method for overcoming the complex in vivo environment, in which prodrugs and bioactive catalysts (released from adjacent drug storage compartments) can be combined to consequently enhance antitumor activity. Although there have been attempts to connect the two nanoparticles, − there has been no attempt to control the release behaviors of drugs loaded in each compartment. Therefore, these studies should further elucidate their effects in the future.…”

Inverting glucuronidation of hymecromone in situ by catalytic nanocompartments

“…20,21 Enzyme biopharmaceuticals have been encapsulated in different types of nanocompartments in order to improve their properties, including stability against degradation or reduced toxicity. 22 For example, L-asparaginase (ASNase), used to treat leukaemias and lymphomas has been encapsulated in polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) 23 and in permeable, asymmetric polymersomes. 24 When systemically injected into mice, ASNase PICsomes exhibited sustained conversion of L-asparagine in the blood stream due to their prolonged blood circulation compared with free ASNase.…”

Biomimetic Silica Encapsulation of Lipid Nanodiscs and β-Sheet-Stabilized Diacylglycerol Kinase

“…Two different silica-precipitating tags were fused to the BP-1 peptide: the full-length R5 peptide from the diatom C. fusiformis and a truncated version based on the C-terminal amino acids KRRIL only (R5′, Figure c). Approaches based on silaffin peptide directed biomimetic silica precipitation have been previously used to encapsulate biological structures such as eukaryotic cells and biomaterials as well as for the generation of protected enzymes and microcompartments , since their discovery more than 20 years ago. , Genetic manipulation to generate diatoms with new enzymatic functions based on their silica deposition machinery has also been reported as well as the use of synthetic silaffins to encapsulate soluble proteins. , Here, we aim for the encapsulation of a functional membrane protein in a fully controlled lipid or detergent environment without direct modification of the protein to allow transfer of this approach to other membrane proteins.…”