Biomimetic Anti-Adhesive Surface Microstructures on Electrosurgical Blade Fabricated by Long-Pulse Laser Inspired by Pangolin Scales

Abstract

The electrosurgical blade is the most common invasive surgical instrument in a cutting and hemostasis process; however, the blade easily leads to the adhesion of overheated soft tissues on the blades and induces a potential danger for the patients. To minimize the adhesive tissues, we proposed the one-step surface texturing method to fabricate anti-adhesive biomimetic scales on stainless steel 316L rapidly based on the self-organized surface microstructures induced by the long-pulse fiber laser, which was inspired by the excellent performances of anti-adhesion and anti-friction in the pangolin scales. The optimal formation parameters, chemical components, and crystal structures of the laser-induced self-organized surface microstructures were investigated in the experiments. Moreover, the underlying formation mechanism was revealed. The electrosurgical blades with biomimetic scales have hydrophobicity and a smaller frictional coefficient, which effectively reduced the adhesion of soft tissue.

Physico-Chemical Approaches to Improve the Characteristics of Electrosurgical Instruments

“…Получение на поверхности нержавеющей стали марки 304 структуры, имитирующей поверхность кукурузного листа, позволило более чем в три раза снизить силу адгезии по сравнению с немодифицированной поверхностью [47]. Модифицирование поверхности нержавеющей стали марки 316L лазером с целью получения структуры, подобной чешуйкам панголина, привело к увеличению краевого угла смачивания с 68° до 94° и снижению массы адгезированной ткани на 16,5% по сравнению с гладкой поверхностью электрода [48]. Структурированная поверхность нержавеющей стали 316L, имитирующая кожу акулы, достигала величины краевого угла смачивания до 86,13° в зависимости от параметров текстуры, а также обеспечивала снижение массы адгезированной ткани на 16,91% [49].…”

Laser‐Patterned Graphite‐Based Strain and Temperature Sensor on Disposable Paper Cup

“…Laser patterning is suitable for the selective modification of surfaces and allows the generation of specific surface structures at micrometer and nanometer levels rapidly with a low risk of contamination. [34][35][36] Compared with the complex method to build the flexible sensors on 3D freeform surfaces, [26][27][28] we used laser patterning to explore the graphite-paper-based flexible sensors on curved paper without contact. As a proof-of-concept example, we have developed the water-level and temperature sensors on a disposable paper cup.…”

Laser Direct Writing of Dual-Scale 3D Structures for Cell Repelling at High Cellular Density

“…Laser engineering provided a way to obtain revolutionary micronic, submicronic and nanometric structures, with spatial resolution up to 90 nm, that accurately reproduce micro- and nanofeatures encountered in nature [ 1 ]. Such biomimetic structures, entirely or partially, exhibited specific, i.e., desired properties, such as non/low cellular adhesion [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. For example, the calamistrum of the cribellate spider, Chinese pangolin scales with longitudinal ridges [ 35 ], the scales on a shark’s skin [ 36 ] and other elements of living organisms served as inspiration for non-adhesive nano- and microstructured surfaces.…”

“…Such biomimetic structures, entirely or partially, exhibited specific, i.e., desired properties, such as non/low cellular adhesion [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. For example, the calamistrum of the cribellate spider, Chinese pangolin scales with longitudinal ridges [ 35 ], the scales on a shark’s skin [ 36 ] and other elements of living organisms served as inspiration for non-adhesive nano- and microstructured surfaces.…”