Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite on Graphene Supports for Biomedical Applications: A Review

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used in fields of materials science, tissue engineering, biomedicine, energy and environmental science, and analytical science due to its simple preparation, low-cost, and high biocompatibility. To overcome the weak mechanical properties of pure HA, various reinforcing materials were incorporated with HA to form high-performance composite materials. Due to the unique structural, biological, electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties, graphene has exhibited great potentials for supporting the biomimetic synthesis of HA. In this review, we present recent advance in the biomimetic synthesis of HA on graphene supports for biomedical applications. More focuses on the biomimetic synthesis methods of HA and HA on graphene supports, as well as the biomedical applications of biomimetic graphene-HA nanohybrids in drug delivery, cell growth, bone regeneration, biosensors, and antibacterial test are performed. We believe that this review is state-of-the-art, and it will be valuable for readers to understand the biomimetic synthesis mechanisms of HA and other bioactive minerals, at the same time it can inspire the design and synthesis of graphene-based novel nanomaterials for advanced applications.

Synergistic Effects on Incorporation of β-Tricalcium Phosphate and Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles to Silk Fibroin/Soy Protein Isolate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…Partly, the incorporation of β-TCP has increased the mechanical properties, which could induce an improved mechanotransduction effect to regulate cells differentiation. Actually, our results are in accordance with previous studies, which indicate that novel GO-CaP nanocomposites could synthetically promote osteogenesis of MSCs and further enhance calcium deposition by osteoblasts [72,73]. As discussed above, the simultaneous incorporation of β-TCP and GO nanoparticles facilitates biomineralization, and subsequentially provides a biomimetic environment for BMSC osteogenesis.…”

Exosomes From 3d Culture of Marrow Stem Cells Enhances Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Angiogenesis via Activation of the Hmgb1/akt Pathway

“…The properties of scaffolds mainly depend on the nature of the biomaterial. Therefore, biomaterial selection is critical in tissue engineering (28).Hydroxyapatite has been widely used for bone repair, attribute to their simple preparation, low-cost, and the chemical likeness of calcium phosphates to bone mineral (29,30).Compared with 2D plates, 3Dscaffolds offer a porous structure for cell growth and attachment, thus enhancing mechanical connection between the implanted biomaterial and surrounding bone tissue (28). Pu et al reported that the unique structure of the bilayer scaffolds promotes collagen ber deposition, cell proliferation, and ingrowth of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in vivo (31).…”

Multicomponent polysaccharide alginate-based bioinks

“…Some of the gels reported in this study incorporated hydroxyapatite particles (20 mg mL À1 ), which have been proven to increase cell attachment and lead to osteogenic differentiation from osteogenic progenitor cells. 67,68 The hydroxyapatite particles were mixed homogeneously with the bioink-cell mixture during the manufacturing process. This enabled a good cell-particle interaction; moreover, the presence of hydroxyapatite further increased the viability and proliferation of the pre-osteoblast cells.…”