Biomimetic Nanovesicles for Enhanced Antitumor Activity of Combinational Photothermal and Chemotherapy

Abstract

The combination of multiple modalities has shown great potential in cancer treatment with improved therapeutic effects and minimized side effects. Here, we fabricated a type of doxorubicin-encapsulated biomimetic nanovesicle (NV) by a facile method with near-infrared dye insertion in the membrane for combinatorial photothermal and chemotherapy. With innate biomimetic properties, NVs enhanced the uptake by tumor cells while reducing the phagocytosis of macrophages. Upon laser irradiation, NVs can convert the absorbed fluorescent energy into heat for effective tumor killing. Hyperthermia can further induce membrane ablation of NVs to accelerate the release of chemotherapeutic drug for potent cytotoxicity to tumor cells. The NVs improved drug accumulation and showed a more efficient in vivo photothermal effect with a rapid temperature increase in tumors. Moreover, the NV-based combinational photothermal and chemotherapy exhibited significant tumor growth suppression with a high inhibitory rate of 91.6% and negligible systemic toxicity. The results indicate that NVs could be an appealing vehicle for combinational cancer treatment.

Recent progress in drug delivery

“…BDDS has advantages of high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, long systematic circulation and lesion targeting64, 65, 66. It has been widely exploited for biomedical applications, including targeted delivery of therapeutics and diagnosis of diseases, tissue regeneration and wound healing, as well as cell microreactor and blood detoxification67, 68, 69, 70, 71. The development of such biomimetic systems is mainly focused on cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles, lipoprotein-coated nanoparticles, virus-like nanoparticles, and others.…”

Physical stimuli-responsive vesicles in drug delivery: Beyond liposomes and polymersomes

“…Two photon technologies can increase the efficacy of NIR nanocarriers even further where pulsed lasers provide a high density of photons in short time pulses (nanosecond to femtosecond) which are absorbed by photolabile groups with two photon cross sections, for example coumarin derivatives. [122] Supra-amphiphiles via host guest interaction of pillararene and azobenzene [123] Supra-amphiphiles via host guest interaction of cucurbituril, methylviologen and azobenzene [124] Light Upconversion Nanoparticles (UCNPs) UCNps embedded in hybrid vesicle (lipids and amphiphilic azobenzene units) [125] Photothermal therapeutic Heating (gold nanorods, DIR) Exosomes with membrane embedded gold nanorods [126] Cell derived nanovesicles with membrane embedded DIR [127] Photodynamic therapeutic Generation of reactive species (porphyrin, phthalocyanine, squaraine)…”

Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Diseases: Alternative Biomarker Sources, Therapeutic Agents, and Drug Delivery Carriers

“…Recently, researchers have been trying to produce “EVs” in bulk by engineering approaches (referred to as EV mimetics in this review). These EV mimetics are at the nanoscale, commonly referred to as exosome mimetic nanovesicles [200], biomimetic nanovesicles [201], or cell-derived nanovesicles [202]. These EV mimetics are usually produced by subjecting the parent cells through serial extrusion with filters of progressively smaller sizes (100–400nm).…”