Biomimetic strain hardening in interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels

Myung, David; Koh, Won‐Gun; Ko, Jin Hwan; Hu, Yaozhong; Carrasco, Michael R.; Noolandi, Jaan; Ta, Christopher N.; Frank, Curtis W.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2007.06.070

Cited by 207 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Other workers have found similar enhanced strengths in poly(ethylene oxide)-polyacrylic acid double network gels [61,62]. These gels have tensile strengths which range up to 12 MPa depending on composition and swelling.…”

Section: Pamps-paammentioning

confidence: 60%

Polymer Gel Actuators: Fundamentals

Calvert

2009

Biomedical Applications of Electroactive Polymer Actuators

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One view of materials development is to search for what materials correspond to empty spaces on a hypothetical multi-dimensional map of the properties of available materials. Following a biomimetic philosophy, for instance, it can be seen that tough ceramics and moldable short fiber composites with high moduli are possible but absent from the list of available synthetic materials. Likewise artificial muscle is missing, where the properties are defined as a developed stress of over 300 kPa, a linear contraction of 25 % and a response time of below one second. Currently dielectric elastomers come closest but have disadvantages [1,2].The actin-myosin muscle system provides the performance target for electroactive polymer actuators [3,4]. The process is driven chemically by the energy change from hydrolysis of the polyphosphate bond as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) binds to myosin and is converted to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and phosphate. A simple chemical analogy suggests that muscle-like gels should be feasible but it is now clear that the task is much harder than it seems.Early work on gel actuation by Katchalsky-Katzir demonstrated that engines could be built using the chemical energy in diluting a lithium bromide solution to drive contraction and expansion of a collagen belt [5]. In essence, the collagen expands to take up the salt solution or contract to exclude the water. This change is both a molecular conformation change and a volume change. Other chemically driven gels, for instance polyacrylic acid fibers [6] which respond to a pH change, also rely on a solubility change giving rise to a volume change.

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Section: Pamps-paammentioning

confidence: 60%

Polymer Gel Actuators: Fundamentals

Calvert

2009

Biomedical Applications of Electroactive Polymer Actuators

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“…As the result of the annealing process, the surface of individual beads was partially melted and fused with adjacent beads to establish a freestanding colloidal crystal structure. Polyethylene-diacrylate (PEG-DA) was synthesized as previously described (41). In brief, anhydrous PEG powder was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 50°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term culture of human liver tissue with advanced hepatic functions

Ng¹,

Xiong

Nguyen

et al. 2017

JCI Insight

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“…Mechanically enhanced properties (e.g., Young's moduli) rivaling those of natural load-bearing tissues was found in a poly (acrylic acid)/end-linked poly (ethylene glycol) crosslinked material [78]. A larger domain of tensile modulus (192-889 kPa compared to 175-555 kPa for single corresponding networks) [50] can be covered in systems used as scaffolds for the preparation of hydrogels.…”

Section: Examples Of Final Properties For Photochemically Produced Ipnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemical Production of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks; Simultaneous Initiation of Radical and Cationic Polymerization Reactions

Fouassier

Lalevée

2014

Polymers

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Abstract:In this paper, we propose to review the ways to produce, through photopolymerization, interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) based, e.g., on acrylate/epoxide or acrylate/vinylether blends and to outline the recent developments that allows a one-step procedure (concomitant radical/cationic polymerization), under air or in laminate, under various irradiation conditions (UV/visible/near IR; high/low intensity sources; monochromatic/polychromatic sources; household lamps/laser diodes/Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)). The paper illustrates the encountered mechanisms and the polymerization profiles. A short survey on the available monomer systems and some brief examples of the attained final properties of the IPNs is also provided.

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Biomimetic strain hardening in interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels

Cited by 207 publications

References 27 publications

Polymer Gel Actuators: Fundamentals

Polymer Gel Actuators: Fundamentals

Long-term culture of human liver tissue with advanced hepatic functions

Photochemical Production of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks; Simultaneous Initiation of Radical and Cationic Polymerization Reactions

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