Biomimetic superhydrophobic metal/nonmetal surface manufactured by etching methods: A mini review

Abstract

As an emerging fringe science, bionics integrates the understanding of nature, imitation of nature, and surpassing nature in one aspect, and it organically combines the synergistic complementarity of function and structure–function integrated materials which is of great scientific interest. By imitating the microstructure of a natural biological surface, the bionic superhydrophobic surface prepared by human beings has the properties of self-cleaning, anti-icing, water collection, anti-corrosion and oil–water separation, and the preparation research methods are increasing. The preparation methods of superhydrophobic surface include vapor deposition, etching modification, sol–gel, template, electrostatic spinning, and electrostatic spraying, which can be applied to fields such as medical care, military industry, ship industry, and textile. The etching modification method can directly modify the substrate, so there is no need to worry about the adhesion between the coating and the substrate. The most obvious advantage of this method is that the obtained superhydrophobic surface is integrated with the substrate and has good stability and corrosion resistance. In this article, the different preparation methods of bionic superhydrophobic materials were summarized, especially the etching modification methods, we discussed the detailed classification, advantages, and disadvantages of these methods, and the future development direction of the field was prospected.

Recent advances of slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces with anti-corrosion

“…However, the process of preparing porous structures by physically or chemically etching the substrate surface can cause damage and thus reduce the physicochemical properties of the substrate. [89][90][91] The sol-gel method is the most common method for preparing porous structures for thin films. The method forms sol-gel particles from a precursor solution, and the sol-gel evaporates the solvent as it grows on the substrate itself, resulting in a porous gel film structure.…”

Microreactor-based micro/nanomaterials: fabrication, advances, and outlook

“…Etching technology includes two main forms: wet etching (using acid) and dry etching (using gas), belonging to the field of photochemical technology and is widely used in processing thin precision metal products. 85,86 Wet etching can be easily implemented on a routine laboratory scale and is commonly used in glass processing and the production of microchannels in laminar flow systems, whereas industrial mass production usually requires dry etching, which may require a large one-time investment and high maintenance costs. 87 In general, when the material is wet etched, the processing rate in the vertical and horizontal directions is the same, while in dry etching, the plasma can be used for anisotropic processing at a specific position in the etching chamber.…”

“…Etching technology includes two main forms: wet etching (using acid) and dry etching (using gas), belonging to the field of photochemical technology and is widely used in processing thin precision metal products. 85,86 Fig. 6 Classification of micromachining technology.…”

Evaporation of Saline Droplets on a Superhydrophobic Substrate: Formation of Crystal Shell and “Legs”

“…To minimize the influence of the contact line on droplet evaporation and crystallization, we investigated the process of CH 3 COONa crystallization during droplet evaporation on superhydrophobic substrates. Currently, the superhydrophobic surfaces can be prepared by several different techniques ranging from templating [ 17 ], etching [ 18 ], and deposition [ 19 ] to anodic oxidation [ 20 ], etc. Here, we adopted a facile dip-coating method [ 21 ].…”