High-performance air filtration materials are important
for addressing
the airborne pollutants. Herein, we propose an unprecedented access
to biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based MOFilters with excellent
filtering performance and antibacterial activity. The fabrication
involved a stepwise in situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8
(ZIF-8) crystals at the surface of microfibrous PLA membranes, followed
by mechanical polarization under high pressure and low temperature
(5 MPa, 40 °C) to trigger the ordered alignment of dipoles in
PLA chains and ZIF-8. The unique structural features allowed these
PLA-based MOFilters to achieve an exceptional combination of excellent
tensile properties, high dielectric constant (up to 2.4 F/m), and
enhanced surface potential as high as 4 kV. Arising from the remarkable
surface activity and electrostatic adsorption effect, a significant
increase (from over 12% to nearly 20%) in PM0.3 filtration
efficiency was observed for the PLA-based MOFilters compared to that
of pure PLA counterparts, with weak relation to the airflow velocities
(10–85 L/min). Moreover, the air resistance was controlled
at a considerably low level for all the MOFilters, that is, below
183 Pa even at 85 L/min. It is worth noting that distinct antibacterial
properties were achieved for the MOFilters, as illustrated by the
inhibitive rates of 87 and 100% against Escherichia
coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The proposed concept of PLA-based MOFilters offers
unprecedented multifunction integration, which may fuel the development
of biodegradable versatile filters with high capturing and antibacterial
performances yet desirable manufacturing feasibility.