Biomolecular Composition and Revenue Explained by Interactions between Extrinsic Factors and Endogenous Rhythms of Saccharina latissima

Abstract

This review provides a systematic overview of the spatial and temporal variations in the content of biomolecular constituents of Saccharina latissima on the basis of 34 currently-available scientific studies containing primary measurements. We demonstrate the potential revenue of seaweed production and biorefinery systems by compiling a product portfolio of high-value extract products. An investigation into the endogenous rhythms and extrinsic factors that impact the biomolecular composition of S. latissima is presented, and key performance factors for optimizing seaweed production are identified. Besides the provisioning ecosystem service, we highlight the contribution of green-engineered seaweed production systems to the mitigation of the ongoing and historical anthropogenic disturbances of the climate balance and nutrient flows. We conclude that there are risks of mismanagement, and we stress the importance and necessity of creating an adaptive ecosystem-based management framework within a triple-helix partnership for balancing the utilization of ecosystem services and long-term resilience of aquatic environment.

Improving fermentation of Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta silages with additives for preserving biomass and antioxidants

“…The DM content of pre-ensiling Alaria and Saccharina in present study was low but within the previously reported range of 5 to 36% DM in macroalgae (Zhang & Thomsen 2019) and was lower than that of the wild biomass collected in a close region (Tayyab et al 2016;Novoa-Garrido et al 2020). The chemical composition was within the range of the reported seasonal variation (Table 1) (Schiener et al, 2015).…”

Macroalgae Derived Fungi Have High Abilities to Degrade Algal Polymers

“…For instance, they include ulvan, a sulfated glucuronoxylorhamnan, in green macroalgae Ulva lactuca [5]; alginate and sulfated polysaccharides, such as fucoidan, in brown macroalgae, such as Saccharina latissima, Laminaria digitata, and Fucus vesiculosus [4,6,7]. Macromolecular composition of seaweed is also varied with seasons and nutrient availability [8,9]. For instance, it has been shown that the highest carbohydrate content was in spring [10] and summer [11] in green seaweed, U. lactuca, with increased rhamnosyl and glucuronoyl residues in April [10].…”

Current Status of the Algae Production Industry in Europe: An Emerging Sector of the Blue Bioeconomy

“…The biorefinery approach (algae biofactory) is currently being investigated as a mean to increase the environmental sustainability and economic feasibility of existing conventional industrial processes. Different potential conversion pathways are being researched for the use, extraction and valorization of algae biomass biorefinery products (Zhang and Thomsen, 2019). Additionally, technological improvements in the biomass cultivation systems are intensively researched (e.g., offshore aquaculture, biomass optimization practices, technology readiness for microalgae production and processing, incorporation of algae production in wastewater treatment and CO 2 mitigation).…”

“…Additionally, the role of seasonal, environmental and geographical variation in the nutritional properties of seaweeds needs to be better documented to support nutritional claims (Wells et al, 2016). Seaweed biomolecular composition can change markedly in response to seasonal variation in environmental factors such as salinity, nitrogen content and water temperature (Marinho-Soriano et al, 2006;Zhang and Thomsen, 2019).…”