Biomonitoring of airborne inorganic and organic pollutants by means of pine tree barks. I. Temporal and spatial variations

Schulz, Horst; Popp, Peter; Huhn, Gernot; Stark, H.; Schüürmann, Gerrit

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00109-6

Cited by 126 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The PF max values were >10 for Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Sr among mainly anthropogenic elements and elements that have both crustal and anthropogenic sources. In comparison to the values reported from Germany (Schulz et al 1999) measured at a known contaminated and an uncontaminated site, the index values of Al, As, B, Ca, Fe, and Ni in Germany were much higher than those of in Aydın, i.e., the contamination in Aydın in terms of these six elements were not as high as the contamination in Germany. It should be noted that Schulz et al (1999) used pine tree barks as biomonitoring agents.…”

Section: Concentration and Pollution Factor Levelscontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…In comparison to the values reported from Germany (Schulz et al 1999) measured at a known contaminated and an uncontaminated site, the index values of Al, As, B, Ca, Fe, and Ni in Germany were much higher than those of in Aydın, i.e., the contamination in Aydın in terms of these six elements were not as high as the contamination in Germany. It should be noted that Schulz et al (1999) used pine tree barks as biomonitoring agents. Except for Cu, Pb, and Sr, all measured concentrations were lower than those reported by Schulz et al (1999).…”

Section: Concentration and Pollution Factor Levelscontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…Concentrations below the limits of detection (LOD) are denoted with BDL (below detection limit) in the table. A PF max value was calculated for each element, which is the ratio of the maximum concentration in the area to the minimum concentration, analogous to BI (Schulz et al 1999) and PF (Pöykiö et al 2005). The calculated factor values are given along with the values from the literature for each trace metal in Table 2.…”

Section: Concentration and Pollution Factor Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that Schulz et al (1999) used pine tree barks as biomonitoring agents. Except for Cu, Pb, and Sr, all measured concentrations were lower than those reported by Schulz et al (1999). In turn, PF values for these three elements were higher than those of Schulz et al (1999) hinting at contamination.…”

Section: Concentration and Pollution Factor Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioindication index (BI, Schulz et al 1999) or in other words pollution factor (PF, Elik et al 2000;Pöykiö et al 2005) was described as the ratio of the maximal content to the minimal content in an area or the ratio of the determined contamination (concentration in a polluted area) to the base level contamination (concentration in an unpolluted, background, site), respectively. It can be used as an overall indicator of anthropogenic inputs over a study area, and as a rough measure of the relative degree of pollution to assess contamination in an area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves as a bioindicator for environmental pollution in the Province of Aydın, Turkey

Turan

Kocahakimoglu

Kavcar

et al. 2010

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Introduction In this study, olive tree leaves, collected from 50 sampling sites throughout the Province of Aydın, Turkey, were used to estimate level of pollution by measuring Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn concentrations and calculating pollution factor (PF) values. Materials and methods After sample preparation, collected leaves were microwave digested, and extracts were analyzed by an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer. Results and discussion The maximum PF values were ≥10 for a number of elements ranging from 11-13 (Al, As, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni) to >100 for Cu, Li, and Na. Urban-rural and roadside-nonroadside concentration comparisons showed that some of the elements (As, Cu, and Pb) were at significantly higher levels on urban and/or roadside sampling sites. Summary and conclusionCorrelations and factor analysis showed that there may be common sources for some elements, which included several soil types and anthropogenic activities. Based on the results of the statistical source apportionment, possible sources were narrowed down with help of the constructed elemental concentration maps. In conclusion, utilization of olive tree leaves for biomonitoring and assessment of environmental pollution was shown to be possible in the Mediterranean region where they are indigenous and cultivated.

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Section: Concentration and Pollution Factor Levelscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Concentration and Pollution Factor Levelscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Concentration and Pollution Factor Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concentration and Pollution Factor Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The use of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves as a bioindicator for environmental pollution in the Province of Aydın, Turkey

Turan

Kocahakimoglu

Kavcar

et al. 2010

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Use of Organic Amendments in Phytoremediation of Metal‐Contaminated Soils: Prospects and Challenges

Копцик

Spiers

Копцик

et al. 2021

Handbook of Assisted and Amendment: Enhanced Sustainable Remediation Technology

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Biomarkers as biological indicators of xenobiotic exposure

Gil¹,

Pla²

2001

J of Applied Toxicology

106

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The presence of a xenobiotic in the environment always represents a risk for living organisms. However, to talk about impregnation there is a need to detect toxicity in the organism, and the concept of intoxication is related to specific organ alterations and clinical symptoms. Moreover, the relationship between the toxic levels within the organism and the toxic response is rather complex and has a difficult forecast because it depends on several factors, namely toxicokinetic and genetic factors. One of the methods to quantify the interaction with xenobiotics and its potential impact on living organisms, including the human being, is monitoring by the use of the so-called biomarkers. They can provide measures of the exposure, toxic effect and individual susceptibility to environmental chemical compounds and may be very useful to assess and control the risk of long-term outcomes associated with exposure to xenobiotic (i.e. heavy metals, halogenated hydrocarbons, pesticides).

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Biomonitoring of airborne inorganic and organic pollutants by means of pine tree barks. I. Temporal and spatial variations

Cited by 126 publications

References 7 publications

The use of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves as a bioindicator for environmental pollution in the Province of Aydın, Turkey

The use of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves as a bioindicator for environmental pollution in the Province of Aydın, Turkey

Use of Organic Amendments in Phytoremediation of Metal‐Contaminated Soils: Prospects and Challenges

Biomarkers as biological indicators of xenobiotic exposure

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