Biomonitoring of Airborne Platinum Group Elements in Urban Traffic Police Officers

Kamala, C. T.; Balaram, V.; Satyanarayanan, M.; Kumar, Awanish; Subramanyam, K.S.V.

doi:10.1007/s00244-014-0114-7

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…When compared to more well-studied metals, cell culture LC 50 values (tested on BEAS-2B, a human bronchial cell line) were significantly higher for Rh (1.2 mmol/L) as compared to Ni (0.8 mmol/L), and Cd salts (0.005 mmol/L) (Schmid et al 2007). Through the use of catalytic converters, Rh release has been on the rise (Barbante et al 2001), and with that, a concern for exposure from heavy, urban traffic environments (Kamala et al 2015). Blood samples in police officers occupationally exposed to heavy traffic showed increased Rh blood levels with increasing experience and time on the force (Kamala et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through the use of catalytic converters, Rh release has been on the rise (Barbante et al 2001), and with that, a concern for exposure from heavy, urban traffic environments (Kamala et al 2015). Blood samples in police officers occupationally exposed to heavy traffic showed increased Rh blood levels with increasing experience and time on the force (Kamala et al 2015). Thus, airborne concentration of Rh would be the most likely source of maternal exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Placental concentrations of essential, toxic, and understudied metals and relationships with birth outcomes in Chattanooga, TN

Mikelson

Troisi

Lalonde

et al. 2019

Environmental Research

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Background: Comprehensive examinations of placental metal concentrations and correlations with infant parameters are under-investigated. Chattanooga, Tennessee’s consistently high incidence of low birth weight and potential for metal exposure provides an ideal opportunity to investigate potential correlations. Objectives: To investigate the associations between a wide variety of metals in placental tissue and multiple infant parameters. Methods: A total of 31 elements were screened via ICP-MS in 374 individual placental samples. Of those, 14 were quantifiable in >86% of the samples. We examined correlations between metal concentrations and infant parameters (birth weight, gestational age, birth weight centile, placental weight, birth length and head circumference). We fit multivariable regression models to estimate the covariate-adjusted associations of birth weight with ln-transformed concentrations of each of the 14 metals and used generalized additive models to examine nonlinear relationships. Results: Some of the strongest relationships with infant parameters came from several lesser-studied metals. Placental rhodium concentrations were negatively correlated with almost all infant parameters. In the fully adjusted regression model, birth weight was significantly associated with several metals. On an IQR (25th to the 75th percentile) basis, estimated changes in birthweight were: for cobalt (82.5 g, IQR=6.05 µg/kg, p = 0.006), iron (−51.5 g, IQR=171800 µg/kg, p = 0.030), manganese (−27.2 g, IQR=152.1 µg/kg, p = 0.017), lead (−72.7 g, IQR=16.55 µg/kg, p = 0.004) and rhodium (−1365.5 g, IQR=0.33 µg/kg, p < 0.001). Finally, a generalized additive model showed significant nonlinear relationships between birth weight and concentrations of Co and Rh. Conclusions: Our comprehensive examination of placental metals illustrate many strong associations between lesser-studied metals and infant parameters. These data, in combination with our correlations of well-studied metals, illustrate a need to consider in utero exposure to a broad array of metals when considering fetal development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental concentrations of essential, toxic, and understudied metals and relationships with birth outcomes in Chattanooga, TN

Mikelson

Troisi

Lalonde

et al. 2019

Environmental Research

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“…In the polarographic vessel, hydrazine sulfate was added along with 2 ml of H 2 SO 4 2 M. Then the Pt(IV) was reduced to Pt(II) and was quantified via standard addition method. This method has been chosen because it plays an important role in analyzing Platinum Group Elements (Pt, Pd, and Rh) in environmental samples (Kamala et al, 2015) having a low detection limit (0.5 ng/l in our case) and limited interferences due to the matrix of the sample (Claverie et al, 2013).…”

Section: Gravimetric and Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An inter-comparison of PM2.5 at urban and urban background sites: Chemical characterization and source apportionment

Cesari

Donateo

Conte

et al. 2016

Atmospheric Research

105

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“…The highest reported concentrations were those of Pt in the hair, blood, and urine samples of workers in the final coating and drying sections, and of Pd in those working in the old catalyst recycling section. One study (56) investigated exposure of traffic policemen to Pt, Pd, and Rh in the city of Hyderabad, India and verified their levels in policemen's blood and urine. These policemen complained of symptoms such as dermatitis, eye irritation, and respiratory tract problems, which are often associated with toxic metal activity.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Platinum Palladium and Rhodiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum, palladium, and rhodium in airborne particulate matter

Rinkovec

2019

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Measurable quantities of platinum, palladium, and rhodium, even in remote areas of the planet, evidence the global nature of pollution with these metals, mostly from catalytic converters of modern vehicles (other sources are jewellery production, chemical industry, and anticancer drugs). The amount of the platinum group metals (PGMs) emitted from automobile catalysts varies with the type, age, and condition of the engine and the catalyst, as well as the style of driving. Current literature suggests that the concentrations of these metals have increased considerably over the last twenty years, palladium concentrations in particular, as it has been proved more effective catalyst than platinum. However, whether and to what extent the emitted PGMs are toxic for people is still a controversy. The potential health risk from exposure to these elements is most likely for those living in urban environments with busy roads or along major highways. Because of the importance of PGMs and their trace levels in particulate matter, sensitive methods are required for reliable determination. This review discusses particular steps of analytical procedures for PGM quantification in airborne particulate matter and addresses the common preparation, detection, and determination methods.

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Biomonitoring of Airborne Platinum Group Elements in Urban Traffic Police Officers

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Placental concentrations of essential, toxic, and understudied metals and relationships with birth outcomes in Chattanooga, TN

Placental concentrations of essential, toxic, and understudied metals and relationships with birth outcomes in Chattanooga, TN

An inter-comparison of PM2.5 at urban and urban background sites: Chemical characterization and source apportionment

Platinum, palladium, and rhodium in airborne particulate matter

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