Biomonitoring of phthalate esters in breast-milk and urine samples as biomarkers for neonates' exposure, using modified quechers method with agricultural biochar as dispersive solid-phase extraction absorbent

Adenuga, Adeniyi Abiodun; Ayinuola, Olawole; Adejuyigbe, Ebunoluwa A.; Ogunfowokan, A. O.

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2019.104277

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that biochar exhibited excellent performance for heavy metals and pollutants removal [14][15][16]. However, to the best of our knowledge, limited studies have been reported on the use of biochars derived from agricultural biomass in field of sample pretreatment [17][18][19][20][21][22]. For example, pine needle and Ulva lactuca biochars coated SPME fibers [17,18], Cocos nucifera QuEChERS adsorbent [19], and magnetic citrus peel biochar [20] have been developed in the enrichment of trace substances (polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorobenzenes, phthalate esters, and pesticides) from complex samples, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, to the best of our knowledge, limited studies have been reported on the use of biochars derived from agricultural biomass in field of sample pretreatment [17][18][19][20][21][22]. For example, pine needle and Ulva lactuca biochars coated SPME fibers [17,18], Cocos nucifera QuEChERS adsorbent [19], and magnetic citrus peel biochar [20] have been developed in the enrichment of trace substances (polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorobenzenes, phthalate esters, and pesticides) from complex samples, respectively. Recently, we have examined the use of magnetic straw-derived biochar for the extraction of organophosphorus pesticides from environmental samples [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of bamboo‐derived magnetic biochar for solid‐phase microextraction of fentanyls from urine

Zhang

Hua

Yao

et al. 2022

J of Separation Science

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In this study, a biochar-based magnetic solid-phase microextraction method, coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, was developed for analyzing fentanyl analogs from urine sample. Magnetic biochar was fabricated through a one-step pyrolysis carbonization and magnetization process, followed by an alkali treatment. In order to achieve desired extraction efficiency, feed stocks (wood and bamboo) and different pyrolysis temperatures (300-700 • C) were optimized. The magnetic bamboo biochar pyrolyzed at 400 • C was found to have the greatest potential for extraction of fentanyls, with enrichment factors ranging from 58.9 to 93.7, presumably due to H-bonding and π-π interactions between biochar and fentanyls. Various extraction parameters, such as type and volume of desorption solvent, pH, and extraction time, were optimized, respectively, to achieve the highest extraction efficiency for the target fentanyls. Under optimized conditions, the developed method was found to have detection limits of 3.0-9.4 ng/L, a linear range of 0.05-10 μg/L, good precisions (1.9-9.4% for intrabatch, 2.9-9.9% for interbatch), and satisfactory recoveries (82.0-111.3%).The developed method by using magnetic bamboo biochar as adsorbent exhibited to be an efficient and promising pretreatment procedure and could potentially be applied for drug analysis in biological samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of bamboo‐derived magnetic biochar for solid‐phase microextraction of fentanyls from urine

Zhang

Hua

Yao

et al. 2022

J of Separation Science

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“…Human breast milk is the major exposure source of external pollutants for breast-fed infants. Previous studies have reported the presence of several classic PAEs or/and their metabolites in breast milk. − In this study, we integrated a broad spectrum of current-use plasticizers, including 11 classic PAEs, 14 emerging PAE alternatives, and 24 of their metabolites, into a systematic, comprehensive target analysis of breast milk from south China. The primary aim was to identify the occurrence of emerging PAE alternatives and their metabolites in breast milk and to create awareness about infant exposure to emerging plasticizers other than classic PAEs via breast-feeding and their combined exposure risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Classic Phthalates: Occurrence of Multiple Emerging Phthalate Alternatives and Their Metabolites in Human Milk and Implications for Combined Exposure in Infants

Deng

Liang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Because of the recognized toxicity and legislative regulation of classic phthalates (PAEs), the manufacture and use of PAE alternatives have rapidly grown. However, lactational exposure to these emerging replacement chemicals remains unknown. In this study, 11 classic PAEs, 14 emerging PAE alternatives, and 24 of their metabolites were comprehensively investigated in human milk from China. Except for nine detectable PAEs, nine of the 14 emerging PAE alternatives, including three (1,4-DEHCH, 1,2-DEHCH, and DEHIP) not reported before in the environment, were first identified and detected in human milk. Total concentrations of nine detectable PAE alternatives were in the range of 0.252–16.1 ng/mL, slightly lower than those of nine detectable PAEs (2.12–34.1 ng/mL). Additionally, 12 of the 24 target metabolites were found in human milk. Total concentrations (4.41–138 ng/mL) of these metabolites were significantly higher than those of their parent compounds. Our findings highlighted the considerable coexistence of PAEs, emerging PAE alternatives, and their metabolites, resulting in a complex “cocktail” of plasticizers in human milk. Preliminary risk assessment indicated no or minor risk to breast-fed infants, but long-term low-level exposure to the “cocktail” chemicals is of emerging concern. This is the first identification of multiple emerging PAE alternatives and their metabolites in human milk.

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“…In fact, most of the analysis have been limited to the classical non-polar priority compounds [21][22][23][24][25]. The determination of more polar compounds in a complicated matrix like milk, with variable quantities of lipids, proteins, sugars, vitamins or minerals, remains as a challenging task [25,26]. In recent literature, most works focus specifically on selected target compounds [27], such as selected pharmaceuticals [17,28], antibiotics [29][30][31], or phthalates [26], instead of analysing the multiple xenobiotics present [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Target Analysis and Suspect Screening of Xenobiotics in Milk by UHPLC-HRMS/MS

et al. 2021

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The development of suspect or non-target screening methods to detect xenobiotics in biological fluids is essential to properly understand the exposome and assess its adverse health effects on humans. In order to fulfil that aim, the biomonitorization of human fluids is compulsory. However, these methods are not yet extensively developed, especially for polar organic xenobiotics in biofluids such as milk, as most works are only focused on certain analytes of interest. In this work, a multi-target analysis method to determine 245 diverse xenobiotics in milk by means of Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC)-qOrbitrap was developed. Under optimal conditions, liquid milk samples were extracted with acetonitrile in the presence of anhydrous Na2SO4 and NaCl, and the extracts were cleaned-up by protein precipitation at low temperature and Captiva Non-Drip (ND)—Lipids filters. The optimized method was validated at two concentration-levels (10 ng/g and 40 ng/g) obtaining satisfactory figures of merit for more than 200 compounds. The validated multi-target method was applied to several milk samples, including commercial and breast milk, provided by 4 healthy volunteers. Moreover, the method was extended to perform suspect analysis of more than 17,000 xenobiotics. All in all, several diverse xenobiotics were detected, highlighting food additives (benzothiazole) or phytoestrogens (genistein and genistin) in commercial milk samples, and stimulants (caffeine), plasticizers (phthalates), UV filters (benzophenone), or pharmaceuticals (orlistat) in breast milk samples.

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Biomonitoring of phthalate esters in breast-milk and urine samples as biomarkers for neonates' exposure, using modified quechers method with agricultural biochar as dispersive solid-phase extraction absorbent

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Preparation of bamboo‐derived magnetic biochar for solid‐phase microextraction of fentanyls from urine

Preparation of bamboo‐derived magnetic biochar for solid‐phase microextraction of fentanyls from urine

Beyond Classic Phthalates: Occurrence of Multiple Emerging Phthalate Alternatives and Their Metabolites in Human Milk and Implications for Combined Exposure in Infants

Multi-Target Analysis and Suspect Screening of Xenobiotics in Milk by UHPLC-HRMS/MS

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