Bionic Stepping Motors Driven by Piezoelectric Materials

Abstract

By imitating the behavioral characteristics of some typical animals, researchers develop bionic stepping motors to extend the working range of piezoelectric materials and utilize their high accuracy advantage as well. A comprehensive review of the bionic stepping motors driven by piezoelectric materials is presented in this work. The main parts of stepping piezoelectric motors, including the feeding module, clamping module, and other critical components, are introduced elaborately. We classify the bionic stepping piezoelectric motors into inchworm motors, seal motors, and inertia motors depending on their main structure modules, and present the mutual transformation relationships among the three types. In terms of the relative position relationships among the main structure modules, each of the inchworm motors, seal motors, and inertia motors can further be divided into walker type, pusher type, and hybrid type. The configurations and working principles of all bionic stepping piezoelectric motors are reported, followed by a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the performance for each type. This work provides theoretical support and thoughtful insights for the understanding, analysis, design, and application of the bionic stepping piezoelectric motors.

Image-Guided Surgical and Pharmacotherapeutic Routines as Part of Diligent Medical Treatment

“…Few high-performance actuators are free of non-magnetic and non-conductor materials. Piezoelectric actuators could be suitable candidates, but they need to be checked to verify their conformity, i.e., not perturbing the RF field distribution [102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]. These actuators are composed of piezo material behaving dielectric and very thin (trivial) electrodes.…”

A simple measurement method for in-situ temperature-dependent piezoelectric coefficient d 33 of piezoelectric materials

“…Nowadays, aerospace, petrochemical, nuclear power generation, geological exploration, automobile manufacturing, and other industries are developing rapidly. Therefore, the requirements for the operating temperature range of piezoelectric materials are also increasing [5][6][7][8][9]. The piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 ) is the most important parameter to evaluate the piezoelectric properties of materials, and its value changes with the temperature.…”

Enhanced electromechanical performance of PSZT–PMS–PFW through morphotropic phase boundary design and defect engineering

“…PbZr 1Àx Ti x O 3 (PZT) piezoelectric ceramics with superior electromechanical properties are widely utilized in high-power fields such as actuators, ultrasonic motors, transformers, and sonar systems. [1][2][3] As is well-known, the ''hard'' PZT piezoelectric ceramics usually exhibit a low dielectric loss tan d and high mechanical quality factor Q m , which weakens heat loss during operation. Consequently, they are appropriate for high-power applications.…”