Bionomics and insecticide resistance of Aedes albopictus in Shandong, a high latitude and high-risk dengue transmission area in China

Abstract

Background: Dengue fever outbreaks tend to spread northward in China, and Jining is the northernmost region where local dengue fever cases have been detected. Therefore, it is important to investigate the density of Aedes albopictus and its resistance to deltamethrin. Methods: The Breteau index (BI) and container index (CI) were calculated to assess the larval density of Ae. albopictus and human-baited double net trap (HDN) surveillance was performed in six subordinate counties (Rencheng, Yanzhou, Sishui, Liangshan, Zoucheng and Jiaxiang) of Jining City in 2017 and 2018. The resistance of Ae. albopictus adults to deltamethrin was evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) standard resistance bioassay. The mutations at Vgsc codons 1532 and 1534 were also analysed to determine the association between kdr mutations and phenotypic resistance in adult mosquitoes. Results: The average BI, CI and biting rate at Jining were 45.30, 16.02 and 1.97 (female /man/hour) in 2017 and 15.95, 7.86 and 0.59 f/m/h in 2018, respectively. In August 26, 2017, when the first dengue fever case was diagnosed, the BI at Qianli village in Jiaxiang County was 107.27. The application of prevention and control measures by the government sharply decreased the BI to a value of 4.95 in September 3, 2017. The mortality of field-collected Ae. albopictus females from Jiaxiang was 41.98%. I1532T, F1534L and F1534S mutations were found in domain III of the Vgsc gene. This study provides the first demonstration that both I1532T and F1534S mutations are positively correlated with the deltamethrin-resistant phenotype. Conclusions: Mosquito density surveillance, resistance monitoring and risk assessment should be strengthened in areas at risk for dengue to ensure the sustainable control of Ae. albopictus and thus the prevention and control of dengue transmission.

Dispersal patterns and population structure of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in three different climatic regions of China

“…Beijing-Guangzhou railway, Beijing-Shanghai railway, and Beijing-Kowloon railway, etc.). All these results revealed that human-aided dispersion might be the main reason for the similarity of populations across the different regions [22,[67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78]. This hypothesis was also veri ed via IBD analysis, which indicated that long distances were not signi cantly associated with individual genetic variation, except among individuals from the tropical region with a signi cant p-value of the Mantel test.…”

Dispersal patterns and population genetic structure of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in three different climatic regions of China

“…Beijing-Guangzhou railway, Beijing-Shanghai railway and Beijing-Kowloon railway). All these results revealed that human-aided dispersion might be the main reason for the similarity of populations across the different regions [ 25 , 70 – 74 , 77 – 83 ]. This hypothesis was also verified via IBD analysis, which indicated that long distances were not significantly associated with individual genetic variation, except among individuals from the tropical region with a significant p value of the Mantel test.…”

A Novel Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (AS-PCR) Assay to Detect the V1016G Knockdown Resistance Mutation Confirms Its Widespread Presence in Aedes albopictus Populations from Italy

“…Increasing levels of PyR are reported also in Ae. albopictus , both in its native and invasive range, with particular reference to the Indian subcontinent and Africa [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. There is also growing evidence for PyR emerging in Ae.…”