Bionomics ofEotetranychus tiliarium and its phytoseiid predators

Kropczynska, D.; Vrie, M. van de; Tomczyk, A.

doi:10.1007/bf02053818

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Enhanced fecundity can play an important contributory role in outbreaks especially for multivoltine pests like spider mites [29], [49]. Dramatic increases in T. schoenei abundance late in the growing season are consistent with previously documented outbreaks of spider mites in urban settings related to elevated temperatures, pollution, or loss of top-down suppression by natural enemies [49], [50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Neonicotinoid Insecticide Imidacloprid Causes Outbreaks of Spider Mites on Elm Trees in Urban Landscapes

et al. 2011

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BackgroundAttempts to eradicate alien arthropods often require pesticide applications. An effort to remove an alien beetle from Central Park in New York City, USA, resulted in widespread treatments of trees with the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid. Imidacloprid's systemic activity and mode of entry via roots or trunk injections reduce risk of environmental contamination and limit exposure of non-target organisms to pesticide residues. However, unexpected outbreaks of a formerly innocuous herbivore, Tetranychus schoenei (Acari: Tetranychidae), followed imidacloprid applications to elms in Central Park. This undesirable outcome necessitated an assessment of imidacloprid's impact on communities of arthropods, its effects on predators, and enhancement of the performance of T. schoenei.Methodology/Principal FindingsBy sampling arthropods in elm canopies over three years in two locations, we document changes in the structure of communities following applications of imidacloprid. Differences in community structure were mostly attributable to increases in the abundance of T. schoenei on elms treated with imidacloprid. In laboratory experiments, predators of T. schoenei were poisoned through ingestion of prey exposed to imidacloprid. Imidacloprid's proclivity to elevate fecundity of T. schoenei also contributed to their elevated densities on treated elms.Conclusions/SignificanceThis is the first study to report the effects of pesticide applications on the arthropod communities in urban landscapes and demonstrate that imidacloprid increases spider mite fecundity through a plant-mediated mechanism. Laboratory experiments provide evidence that imidacloprid debilitates insect predators of spider mites suggesting that relaxation of top-down regulation combined with enhanced reproduction promoted a non-target herbivore to pest status. With global commerce accelerating the incidence of arthropod invasions, prophylactic applications of pesticides play a major role in eradication attempts. Widespread use of neonicotinoid insecticides, however, can disrupt ecosystems tipping the ecological balance in favor of herbivores and creating pest outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Neonicotinoid Insecticide Imidacloprid Causes Outbreaks of Spider Mites on Elm Trees in Urban Landscapes

et al. 2011

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“…In particular, rapidly rising levels of ambient NO x due to fast-growing transportation systems (Molina & Molina, 2004) may increase the nitrogen content in leaves of urban plants (Meunier, Gundale, Sanchez, & Liess, 2016). The application of de-icing salts in the winter also may increase the quality of host plants, in particular by lowering foliage phenolics (Kropczynska, Vandevrie, & Tomczyk, 1988;Oleksyn, Kloeppel, Lukasiewicz, Karolewski, & Reich, 2007). Both these processes may have contributed to a better quality of birch leaves to leafmining insects in urban habitats relative to rural habitats, which was found in our study.…”

Section: Impact Of Urbanization On Insect Herbivorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased losses of woody plant foliage to insects in large urban areas are explained by bird predation

Kozlov

Lanta

Zverev

et al. 2017

Global Change Biology

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Despite the increasing rate of urbanization, the consequences of this process on biotic interactions remain insufficiently studied. Our aims were to identify the general pattern of urbanization impact on background insect herbivory, to explore variations in this impact related to characteristics of both urban areas and insect-plant systems, and to uncover the factors governing urbanization impacts on insect herbivory. We compared the foliar damage inflicted on the most common trees by defoliating, leafmining and gall-forming insects in rural and urban habitats associated with 16 European cities. In two of these cities, we explored quality of birch foliage for herbivorous insects, mortality of leafmining insects due to predators and parasitoids and bird predation on artificial plasticine larvae. On average, the foliage losses to insects were 16.5% lower in urban than in rural habitats. The magnitude of the overall adverse effect of urbanization on herbivory was independent of the latitude of the locality and was similar in all 11 studied tree species, but increased with an increase in the size of the urban area: it was significant in large cities (city population 1-5 million) but not significant in medium-sized and small towns. Quality of birch foliage for herbivorous insects was slightly higher in urban habitats than in rural habitats. At the same time, leafminer mortality due to ants and birds and the bird attack intensity on dummy larvae were higher in large cities than in rural habitats, which at least partially explained the decline in insect herbivory observed in response to urbanization. Our findings underscore the importance of top-down forces in mediating impacts of urbanization on plant-feeding insects: factors favouring predators may override the positive effects of temperature elevation on insects and thus reduce plant damage.

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“…This important biological control agent is a generalist (versus specialist; McMurtry and Croft 1997) predator of spider mites, including the common pest in southern France, Eotetranychus carpini (Oudemans). K. aberrans feeds on many nontetranychid mites, pollen and insects as well (Kropczynska et al 1988;Schausberger 1992Schausberger , 1997Schausberger , 1998. This predaceous mite seems to be closely associated with speciÞc host plants and it varies regionally in this regard (Moraes et al 1986).…”

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confidence: 97%

Plants and Leaf Characteristics Influencing the Predaceous MiteKampimodromus aberrans(Acari: Phytoseiidae) in Habitats Surrounding Vineyards

et al. 2002

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Bionomics ofEotetranychus tiliarium and its phytoseiid predators

Cited by 31 publications

References 7 publications

Neonicotinoid Insecticide Imidacloprid Causes Outbreaks of Spider Mites on Elm Trees in Urban Landscapes

Neonicotinoid Insecticide Imidacloprid Causes Outbreaks of Spider Mites on Elm Trees in Urban Landscapes

Decreased losses of woody plant foliage to insects in large urban areas are explained by bird predation

Plants and Leaf Characteristics Influencing the Predaceous MiteKampimodromus aberrans(Acari: Phytoseiidae) in Habitats Surrounding Vineyards

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